I received the calipers already. I got them for $11.25 from a US seller on eBay. They look exactly the same as the Harbor Freight calipers, and they seem to work just fine.
I also received one sample bearing I ordered from Acer Racing. I thought I would try out a bearing with a polyamide seal, because they say it's as good as teflon. It's not very good, and isn't as smooth as the stainless steel ones already in the trackball, so that's $8 wasted.
I haven't yet received the open hybrid ceramic bearings I ordered from VXB. These bearings seem, to me, to be the best fit for the application, so I ordered a full set without ordering a sample. They were only $5 each, so it's not a big risk.
The very best option seems to be full ceramic bearings. Hybrids have stainless steel races and ceramic balls. The full ceramic bearings have ceramic races and ceramic balls.
Unfortunately, the best price I could find for full ceramic bearings in my size was $40 each. That's a little out of my price range at the moment, since I would need 5 of them.
Also, I measured perfectly with my ruler, so the bearing I received was the right size. 1/8" ID 3/8" OD 5/32" W, which is also known as an R2 bearing.