You bet. In fact, that's the kind I use just for keyboards (the mouse connector's optional). They're the cheapest
and most widely compatible, in my experience.
Note that it's a
converter, not an adapter. An adapter just changes the shape of the plug:
...and doesn't have the built-in electronics that change the ps/2 signals to USB. (That's the module you see in the middle of the converter.) I think these adapters were sold with early USB mice that had the converter electronics built into them and could "speak' both protocols.