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geekhack Community => Keyboards => Topic started by: awts on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:26:19

Title: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: awts on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:26:19
I think I've come across this online... but I only own Topre cause I love them. Can I safely let people know they're mechanical?  :-\
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: FrostyToast on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:27:26
I guess you could tell people it's mechanical...
Although the term that is thrown around by media would be "hybrid".
We, however, like to just go with "cup rubber".
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Defect on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:31:47
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: hwood34 on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:35:02
hybrid
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Puddsy on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:35:39
technically no

logistically yes
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:37:40
Cup rubber with spring is better than just spring.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: demik on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:46:51
it's above a mechanical keyboard.

keyboard of the gods.

keyboard of freedom.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Mon, 12 January 2015, 21:51:34
it's above a mechanical keyboard.

keyboard of the gods.

keyboard of freedom.
AND THE KEYBOARDS...OF...THE BRAAAAAVEEE
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Sygaldry on Mon, 12 January 2015, 22:14:10
Topre are nice though, and certainly better than everything else.
Fixed this for you
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Mon, 12 January 2015, 23:36:13
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: crazystu on Mon, 12 January 2015, 23:55:06
Whatever Topre keyboards are, they are certainly not dome-membrane keyboards, which is what really matters.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Oobly on Tue, 13 January 2015, 06:13:04
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

So IBM Model F and Model M boards are not mechanical? Definitions can be tricky. I believe the conclusion I came to the last time this discussion came up was that if it contains a helical or conical metal spring in the actual individual switch mechanism, it is mechanical.

So I say Topre is "hybrid" mechanical since it has a conical metal spring in there, even though it doesn't contribute that much to the feel of the switch. It's a rubber dome board (since it has rubber domes), but not "just" a rubber dome board (since it also has springs).
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: SpAmRaY on Tue, 13 January 2015, 06:31:16
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).

Not sure this makes much sense to me, the rubber dome has a spring underneath, I don't see how you can call springs switches.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: atlas3686 on Tue, 13 January 2015, 06:41:42
it's above a mechanical keyboard.

keyboard of the gods.

keyboard of freedom.

this^
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Hyde on Tue, 13 January 2015, 10:06:25
I'd call it hybrid as well lol.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: RoflCopter4 on Tue, 13 January 2015, 12:24:13
Does it matter? It's not well defined what "mechanical" even means in this context. Topre keyboards are nice, high quality keyboards. Labels make little difference.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: awts on Tue, 13 January 2015, 13:53:54
Does it matter? It's not well defined what "mechanical" even means in this context. Topre keyboards are nice, high quality keyboards. Labels make little difference.

It's not really that important, but rather this topic kind of intrigues me. I've got asked a couple of times what my keyboards were and I explained they were "Non-contact capacitive switch". Then I couldn't explain beyond that... so I thought maybe I should really find out!  ^-^
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: eth0s on Tue, 13 January 2015, 15:23:48
Topre switches are mechanical switches.  Mechanical means:  working or produced by machines or machinery.  As such, Topre is mechanical.  Topre is not a hybrid of anything.  This is a confusion that seems to be generated by those who cannot understand the electrostatic capacitive switching mechanism.

Topre switches are not rubber dome switches.  Topre switches are instead electrostatic capacitance switches, which is a superior technology to rubber domes, and to Cherry MX.  Rubber domes and Cherry MX both use physical contact to make an electrical contact in the switch.  Topre uses a completely different technology.  Topre uses an electrostatic capacitive switch.

An electrostatic capacitive switch does not use physical contact of metal parts to make the electrical connection, instead the electrical connection is made by capacitance.  Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electric charge. 

Both rubber dome switches and Cherry MX switches physically complete an electric circuit when you press the key.  Topre capacitive switches do not.  Instead, electric current constantly flows through all parts of the key matrix.  Each key is spring-loaded and has a tiny plate attached to the bottom of it.  When you press a key, you do the work of moving the tiny top plate closer to the larger plate below it.  As the gap between the two plates decreases, the capacitance increases, and the amount of current flowing through the matrix changes.  The micro-processor in the keyboard detects the change in voltage and interprets it as a key press for that location. 

Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.  Also, capacitive switch keyboards do not have problems with signal bounce since the two surfaces never come into physical contact.  Signal bounce is a real problem if you want an electronic circuit with fast response time.  Signal bounce (or “contact bounce”) can produce very noticeable and undesired effects.  Ask Ducky users.  Or ask anybody that has built their own MX keyboard.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Sygaldry on Tue, 13 January 2015, 15:37:47
Topre switches are mechanical switches.  Mechanical means:  working or produced by machines or machinery.  As such, Topre is mechanical.  Topre is not a hybrid of anything.  This is a confusion that seems to be generated by those who cannot understand the electrostatic capacitive switching mechanism.

Topre switches are not rubber dome switches.  Topre switches are instead electrostatic capacitance switches, which is a superior technology to rubber domes, and to Cherry MX.  Rubber domes and Cherry MX both use physical contact to make an electrical contact in the switch.  Topre uses a completely different technology.  Topre uses an electrostatic capacitive switch.

An electrostatic capacitive switch does not use physical contact of metal parts to make the electrical connection, instead the electrical connection is made by capacitance.  Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electric charge. 

Both rubber dome switches and Cherry MX switches physically complete an electric circuit when you press the key.  Topre capacitive switches do not.  Instead, electric current constantly flows through all parts of the key matrix.  Each key is spring-loaded and has a tiny plate attached to the bottom of it.  When you press a key, you do the work of moving the tiny top plate closer to the larger plate below it.  As the gap between the two plates decreases, the capacitance increases, and the amount of current flowing through the matrix changes.  The micro-processor in the keyboard detects the change in voltage and interprets it as a key press for that location. 

Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.  Also, capacitive switch keyboards do not have problems with signal bounce since the two surfaces never come into physical contact.  Signal bounce is a real problem if you want an electronic circuit with fast response time.  Signal bounce (or “contact bounce”) can produce very noticeable and undesired effects.  Ask Ducky users.  Or ask anybody that has built their own MX keyboard.
I think you're taking the term "mechanical" way too literally. The dictionary definition of "mechanical" does not completely work in the enthusiast keyboard context.

But okay.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Parak on Tue, 13 January 2015, 15:58:46
Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.

Mmmh.. I don't think that's quite accurate. Capacitive sensing does last longer than contact based due to various issues like corrosion and such, but there's more to it than just the sensing method - there's the mechanism of the switch itself to consider as well. For example, since a Topre switch uses elastomers, I highly suspect that it cannot flex as many times as a stainless steel spring while still keeping its original shape and strength. Equivalently, if one takes beam spring switches that are capacitive, one finds that they are not very reliable if used as is, due to spontaneously dying due to slight debris ingress. Hence the rubber sheets that protected them. Also one can take honeywall hall effect switches that are supposedly rated for 30 billion actuations or something silly.

Also, capacitive switch keyboards do not have problems with signal bounce since the two surfaces never come into physical contact. 

Actually, capacitive switches still need a type of debouncing handling.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: eth0s on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:01:03
srsly? 

The dictionary definition of a word is the definition.  That is what the word means.  Words do not mean what you think they mean.  That is not how language works.  If you want to use a word that means something different, that's okay, use another word.  If there is no word for you, then make one up.  That is okay too.  Shakespeare did it.  You can too.  You can make up a word like "mekkanikel"  or "mechannerkal" or "mechanikewl" or whatever you want.  But if you use words from the lexicon of the English language, then you have to adhere to the generally accepted definition, which is what you find in the dictionary, those are the rules of being a human being. 

If you think the "enthusiast keyboard context" grants you license to change the meaning of a word, then you are wrong.  I suggest using the word "mechanikewl" from now on to describe your keyboard.  It can have any meaning you want. 
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:09:35
eth0s: My concern with your explanation is knowing whether you're simplifying the explanation or whether you are in error. There is no "plate" under the Topre domes; the domes compress a small conical spring. Moreover, there are not one but two pads on the PCB for each switch, as there are on any capacitive PCB I've seen. I have yet to see anyone actually explain capacitive sensing, be it for keyboards, touch screens, or trackpads; it would seem reasonable to me to assume that standard trackpads were multi-touch aware from the beginning, but with a simple PS/2 mouse interface (later USB I assume) they were unable to let the multi-touch data leave the device.

It goes on my long list of stuff for which no explanation seems to exist. I do hope one day that the wiki gains proper illustrated explanations of the different electromagnetic actuation technologies, including capacitive, Hall effect (which is at least documented elsewhere) and magnetic valve. (There might be more out there; I can't think of any others right now.)

The idea that a rubber dome keyboard is required to be ohmic is not a definition I recall seeing elsewhere. To me, a rubber dome keyboard is one with rubber domes inside. I assume your definition is "needs domes to operate" vs "domes just give it tactility". This leads to an interesting question: I assume that a sheet of moulded rubber is significantly cheaper than metal springs, hence the proliferation of rubber dome keyboards being for cost, rather than because they give integrated tactility in preference to the linear feel of helical spring over membrane. (Helical spring over membrane never really caught on, although I've got one, and the progressive rate feeling is really interesting; it just ghosts like crazy when the keys aren't jamming — badly made from new, so far as I can tell.)

For me, Topre is "rubber dome" because it's got rubber domes in it. Topre definitely feels rubbery; there is no two ways about this. I abandoned Topre and returned to Cherry as I was never really quite at home with the rubber feel, as good as it is. Topre keyboards are of course extremely high grade — exceptionally smooth, and the sound and feel of my Realforce was so far above my Quiet Pro. Topre has a sweet tinkling sound instead of a nasty dry rattle.


Is Topre mechanical? I consider the question meaningless because "mechanical" has never been clearly defined.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: eth0s on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:33:44
Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.

Mmmh.. I don't think that's quite accurate. Capacitive sensing does last longer than contact based due to various issues like corrosion and such, but there's more to it than just the sensing method - there's the mechanism of the switch itself to consider as well. For example, since a Topre switch uses elastomers, I highly suspect that it cannot flex as many times as a stainless steel spring while still keeping its original shape and strength. Equivalently, if one takes beam spring switches that are capacitive, one finds that they are not very reliable if used as is, due to spontaneously dying due to slight debris ingress. Hence the rubber sheets that protected them. Also one can take honeywall hall effect switches that are supposedly rated for 30 billion actuations or something silly.

Also, capacitive switch keyboards do not have problems with signal bounce since the two surfaces never come into physical contact. 

Actually, capacitive switches still need a type of debouncing handling.


hmm.  Well, nobody talks about Hall effect switches, because they are not mass produced.  I guess I could mention them, or maybe we could talk about typing in space, in a vacuum, or close to absolute zero, where friction and gravity would not apply.  We can also talk about unicorns and mole men.  But I'm talking about the real world, and about the three main choices for keyboards that are available commercially in abundance:  rubber domes, Cherry MX and Topre.  Of those 3, Topre is a superior technology, that will outlast the other 2.  Is that okay?

As for your assertion that capacitive switches still need a type of debouncing handling.  This is wrong.  Capacitive switches eliminate contact bounce, as I said above, because there is no physical banging contact.  Why do people not understand this?   However, there is something called "ground bounce" which is caused by an analog change in voltaic charge in a digital circuit.  If this is what you are talking about, then yes, there may be some ground bounce even in a capacitive switch.  But you would be confusing two different types of signal bounce.  The first is mechanical bounce, which is horrible, and can lead to "jjjj" when typing the letter "j".  The other kind of bounce is different, and is not a problem in a keyboard.  Ever.  However, it could be a problem in some other hyper-sensitive digital system.  But good for you for inadvertently pointing this out, even though I doubt that you understand the difference.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:42:03
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).

Not sure this makes much sense to me, the rubber dome has a spring underneath, I don't see how you can call springs switches.

The only statement that was incorrect was "Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key". Topre boards do have individual switches.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:46:56
hmm.  Well, nobody talks about Hall effect switches, because they are not mass produced.

I'm envisioning lots of little German gnomes hand-carving RAFI RS 76 C switches out of solid blocks of plastic. I suppose with Micro Switch it was Mexican gnomes, and a lot more of them.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: eth0s on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:48:42
@ Daniel Beardsmore:  How can I explain something for which you say "no explanation exists"?  You have decided that you do not like Topre, therefore you cannot accept any explanation of Topre which leads to the conclusion that Topre is superior to Cherry MX.  You have what is called in psychology an anti-Topre bias schema, through which my explanation cannot penetrate.  You have to let go of ego.  See what is there to be seen through the ordinary use of your senses.  Do not apply your bias to the facts, is all I can offer.

With that said, I will try to explain this again.  First, yes, my explanation was dumbed way, way down.  Some GH members are still in high school.  Others members never had any schooling, or didn't pay attention to the schooling they did have.   So I tried to keep my explanation at about a 5th grade level.  Some technical nibs got shaved off, in the interest of that general explanation.  I guess I should think about how to explain Topre switches in a clear and easy-to-understand manner.  If I can come up with better explanation, and if I have time to type it up, I will do it later.  You guys have made me too tired.  Sad face.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: SpAmRaY on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:52:09
(https://elitekeyboards.com/proddata/images/topreswitch405.png)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: eth0s on Tue, 13 January 2015, 16:53:43
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).

Not sure this makes much sense to me, the rubber dome has a spring underneath, I don't see how you can call springs switches.

The only statement that was incorrect was "Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key". Topre boards do have individual switches.

Yes.  I meant to say "Topre boards do not have individual [contact] switches for each key, [as exist in a Cherry MX keyboard]."  Topre does have switching mechanisms that correspond to each individual key.  The point I was trying to emphasize was the lack of physical contact under each keycap.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:07:52
eth0s:

I don't mean that Topre cannot be explained, rather that a lot of technologies (everything from computer keyboards to rail transport) are not widely documented in accessible ways. There are often glimmers of knowledge, but unless you're in the trade, many if not all details are simply not made publicly accessible (although if you read Patentese you'll have more knowledge open to you). I have a very rudimentary understanding of capacitance, but not how you sense with it, nor why you need two pads on the PCB, and their relationship to each other and to the moving "plate" (the spring).

It's a bit like registration arms for OHLE — I know what they do (hold the contact wire and keep it under horizontal tension) but the amount of designs and variations is staggering (pun intended ;-) and the rationale for these designs is not, to my knowledge, documented anywhere within easy public access. That's why I am hoping that electromagnetic sensing gets documented in the wiki, where people can have easy access to clear explanations for how these types of switches all work.

I challenge you therefore to write and illustrate (even if just napkin sketches) an explanation for capacitive keyboard sensing, although I'll leave the likes of HaaTa to review it factually. I'll be generous and not require you to put it on the wiki!

Also, I'm not anti-Topre. It doesn't suit me personally, but I've never attributed that to a failing on anyone's part; it's nothing more than my own personal preference, and I have little objection to using Topre. I just prefer Cherry over Topre.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Sygaldry on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:14:00
srsly? 

The dictionary definition of a word is the definition.  That is what the word means.  Words do not mean what you think they mean.  That is not how language works.  If you want to use a word that means something different, that's okay, use another word.  If there is no word for you, then make one up.  That is okay too.  Shakespeare did it.  You can too.  You can make up a word like "mekkanikel"  or "mechannerkal" or "mechanikewl" or whatever you want.  But if you use words from the lexicon of the English language, then you have to adhere to the generally accepted definition, which is what you find in the dictionary, those are the rules of being a human being. 

If you think the "enthusiast keyboard context" grants you license to change the meaning of a word, then you are wrong.  I suggest using the word "mechanikewl" from now on to describe your keyboard.  It can have any meaning you want.
snow - noun \ˈsnō\ soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall to the ground from the sky in cold weather

Whoa, I never knew snow cones came from the sky!

I learn something new every day.

(http://redpenpapers.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/the-best-of-the-skeptical-3rd-world-kid-meme.jpg)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:36:10
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).

Not sure this makes much sense to me, the rubber dome has a spring underneath, I don't see how you can call springs switches.

The only statement that was incorrect was "Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key". Topre boards do have individual switches.

Yes.  I meant to say "Topre boards do not have individual [contact] switches for each key, [as exist in a Cherry MX keyboard]."  Topre does have switching mechanisms that correspond to each individual key.  The point I was trying to emphasize was the lack of physical contact under each keycap.

Exactly. But referencing your initial response to mine, you stated, "I don't see how you can call springs switches". Are you defining the rubber dome and springs as the switch? If so, that would be like defining a Costar or Cherry stabilizer as the switch. While the stabilizers, or in Topre's case the rubber dome and spring, assist the switch in its operation, they are independent of the switch itself.

Back to whether Topre is a mechanical keyboard in the classic sense, I really have no idea. I guess if it's that important to people, we would have to find some formal guidelines from some keyboard industry endorsed consortium with clear guidelines for classifying a board 'mechanical'. If somebody wants to round that up, I'd read it out of curiosity and my interest in keyboards.

But it's not an important issue for me. I don't care if we classify Topre keyboards as a mouse. For me, Topre switches are the best I have ever had the pleasure of using. And that's coming from a guy who started out on an IBM 8088 with dual 5.25" floppies in the early 80s. (Actually, I had a TI80 with a cassette player for storage prior to that, but that really doesn't count.)  :D
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Huxley2500 on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:48:17
In my book it gotta Click!
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:56:35
The dictionary definition of a word is the definition.  That is what the word means.

I gather that the most famed endeavours of Messrs Engelbart and English comprised affixing transducers to rodents such that, so long as they didn't struggle too much as you pushed and slid them around the desk, the computer would be able to record their motion. Of course, upon removing your hand, the critter would gnaw through the cable that you'd wired into it and run away, leaving nothing but droppings and some spare urine.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: epzy on Tue, 13 January 2015, 17:59:40
In my book it gotta Click!

best book NA kek
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: jacobolus on Tue, 13 January 2015, 19:54:14
Can I safely let people know [Topre keyboards are] mechanical?
Sure, go for it. “Mechanical” doesn’t have a particularly precise definition in the “keyboard enthusiast community”. The way words work is that some person or group of people cluster a bunch of things together that they think are related, and then attach a label to them. In general, the relevant clusters here are:

1) switches with just a keycap, a buckling rubber dome or sleeve and/or a helical spring that only goes up and down, possibly an additional slider, and membrane contact sheets (this is most keyboards sold since the mid 1990s, because it’s cheaper)

2) all the other keyboard mechanisms

Various keyboards are difficult to fit into this neat classification, e.g. the Model M which is just a spring attached to a little plastic piece over a membrane, but the spring doesn’t just go up and down, instead it bends outwards and at some point “buckles”, Topre switches which use a rubber dome as part of the mechanism, Acer switches which are a spring + slider over membrane design but also have a metal leaf spring for tactile/audio feedback, etc.

Group #2 gets called “mechanical”, but some other name might be better.

Sometimes someone lumps Topre switches in with group #1, usually when trying to start a flamewar about whether Topre is teh best or teh suxxors.

hmm.  Well, nobody talks about Hall effect switches, because they are not mass produced.  I guess I could mention them, or maybe we could talk about typing in space, in a vacuum, or close to absolute zero, where friction and gravity would not apply.  We can also talk about unicorns and mole men.  But I'm talking about the real world, and about the three main choices for keyboards that are available commercially in abundance:  rubber domes, Cherry MX and Topre.  Of those 3, Topre is a superior technology, that will outlast the other 2.  Is that okay?

Actually the mole men are going to outlast us all.

Hall effect switches were absolutely “mass produced”. They aren’t still being made anymore though. In the “real world” there are at least a dozen choices for keyboard switches, with several dozen other “mass produced” switches a couple decades ago. If you want to talk about “available in abundance” then I’m really not sure Topre even makes the cut. Topre keyboards are a tiny niche product. I wouldn’t be surprised if Unicomp sells more keyboards in the US every year than all the Topre boards sold (but I don’t know any concrete sales figures, so who knows.)

But anyway, you need to clarify what you mean by “outlast”. Topre switches won’t last as long in years as MX switches will. If you put a Topre keyboard and an MX keyboard on the shelf and come back in 30 years, the MX keyboard will be effectively unchanged, while the rubber sheet in the Topre keyboard will be fairly unpleasant. If you’re talking wearing out from continuous heavy usage, I’m not sure. Anyone know of any data on this subject? My suspicion is that at least the linear MX switches will last quite a bit longer without significant change in feel or function, assuming both keyboards are being properly cared for. A Topre keyboard definitely won’t last as long as a Model M, with either use or time, given similar storage conditions and use pattern.

Quote
As for your assertion that capacitive switches still need a type of debouncing handling.  This is wrong.  Capacitive switches eliminate contact bounce, as I said above, because there is no physical banging contact.  Why do people not understand this? [...] good for you for inadvertently pointing this out, even though I doubt that you understand the difference.
You may want to hook an oscilloscope up to your Topre board and verify this for yourself. Note that Parak is an electrical engineer who has some direct experience with capacitive keyboard sensing.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: RoflCopter4 on Tue, 13 January 2015, 21:43:48
srsly? 

The dictionary definition of a word is the definition.  That is what the word means.  Words do not mean what you think they mean.  That is not how language works. If you want to use a word that means something different, that's okay, use another word.  If there is no word for you, then make one up.  That is okay too.  Shakespeare did it.  You can too.  You can make up a word like "mekkanikel"  or "mechannerkal" or "mechanikewl" or whatever you want.  But if you use words from the lexicon of the English language, then you have to adhere to the generally accepted definition, which is what you find in the dictionary, those are the rules of being a human being. 

If you think the "enthusiast keyboard context" grants you license to change the meaning of a word, then you are wrong.  I suggest using the word "mechanikewl" from now on to describe your keyboard.  It can have any meaning you want.

This is just not true. I don't care if you don't ever endeaver to learn anything at all about how language works, that's fine, but if you're going to choose to remain ignorant then don't say ignorant things. A student with five minutes of the first class of a Linguistics 101 course under their belt would be justified in looking down their nose at a statement this trivially wrong.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Oobly on Wed, 14 January 2015, 01:17:28
Wow, this degenerated rapidly... Which is to be expected from such a provocative thread title :)

What we as keyboard enthusiasts call "mechanical" keyboards is independent of the dictionary definition of "mechanical", it's merely a partially descriptive term that has been co-opted due to there not being a more accurately descriptive term. In many cases it is used to mean "not a mass-produced rubber dome board made for the average joe PC user who doesn't care". In fact, I suspect the definition is subtly different for every keyboard enthusiast.

When we last had a discussion thread on this topic I came up with a definition that seemed to fit most of what we as enthusiasts call "mechanical" keyboards and that is if it has a helical or conical metal spring as part of the mechanism. AFAIK, all the boards we call "mechanical" have that and very few of those we exclude do. Any other definition I have heard will either exclude a board we consider "mechanical" or include a board we don't.

The reason people call Topre a "hybrid" is that they have both a spring and a rubber dome and the rubber dome has more effect on the feel than the spring does.

Secondly, Topre switches don't have a metal plate in the rubber dome or slider, it's the spring itself that acts as the 2nd conductor for changing the capacitance of the switch mechanism.

Thirdly, capacitive switches don't have physical contact "bounce", but they do need some system for making certain that the state of the switch has changed, in some cases it's simply a matter of having the "on" state a little lower than the "off" state, creating a very small hysteresis zone. This doesn't need to take more time to sense, though, unlike physical debounce and I don't think there is any other type of "bounce" that capacitive switches experience, especially those that rely on a dome collapse mechanism that has the state switch position a fair distance above the bottom out point like Topre.

So let's all lighten up a little and keep it civil, or at least close to on topic.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Wed, 14 January 2015, 02:30:36
What you've got to ask yourselves is, what is the purpose of such a classification. Would Topre be well served by a comparison to a fragile Ducky 1000-series keyboard or a jammy, ghosting OK-100M? All of them have helical or conical springs, but if you advised someone to get a mechanical keyboard, there are a lot of candidates to be avoided like the plague.

Is the intent to classify keyboards by functionality (regardless of how badly made they are) or by quality?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: rowdy on Wed, 14 January 2015, 17:27:07
Probably a simplistic view, but I see it as:

Membrane - two sheets of plastic that actuate when pressed together
Topre - individual rubber some and spring under each key that causes capacitive circuit
MX/Alps - individual mechanical switch with metal contacts under each key

To me a "mechanical" keyboard is one that has a separate switching mechanism under each key - Topre fulfils that.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Wed, 14 January 2015, 17:50:09
Membrane is either one sheet (conductive dome/arc etc) or three sheets (non-conductive moving parts); for the latter, see my diagram here: http://deskthority.net/wiki/Rubber_dome_over_membrane

The only switches I class as "individual" are "microswitch" designs (Cherry MX, Alps SK* etc) that can be desoldered or bought loose, and tested using an ohmmeter as-is.

There is no such thing as a "Topre switch". You'd have to saw up a piece of the PCB, cut up one of the dome sheets, and tape the two together with the spring inside. They're not discrete components physically; the section of the PCB assigned to each key is a fundamental part of the "switch". You should be able to make discrete Topre "switches" in a form factor similar to Alps integrated dome (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Alps_integrated_dome) (Alps SKE-something); whether this would affect the capacitive sensing, I don't know.

Membrane keyboards should be the same: slice the three membrane sheets and tape them back together.

I don't class the Topre design as any more individual than the Model M or any rubber dome over membrane: you can't isolate a switch and remove it from any of these designs. All three designs share the same fundamental restriction that you can't wire up the switches into custom designs. With Topre you could of course make a dedicated PCB, but lots of custom keyboards are wholly PCB-less.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: rowdy on Wed, 14 January 2015, 18:35:02
That's fair enough.  As I said, my view is somewhat simplistic.

Otherwise I'd have to justify paying $200 for a non-mechanical keyboard (HHKB) :))
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: hasu on Wed, 14 January 2015, 19:02:44
"mechanical" is useful or no problem at least in casual conversersaion even if people use their own different definitions/feelings. But in (technical) discussion the term is useless or even worse.

I tend to avoid using the word but it reminds me Cherry and Alps when people say "mechanical". Topre and rubber domes are ones come last.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Wed, 14 January 2015, 21:11:19
I would argue "no," since Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key, but rather use dome sheets (sometimes individual domes) over metal springs for their capacitive pcb.

The fact that they come in sheets makes it a no for me.  Topre are nice though, and certainly better than dome over membrane.

This is incorrect. While I would agree they're not technically a mech board, and that they have the rubber domes connected on a single sheet, they do in fact have individual key switches under the domes. The rubber domes provide most of the resistance and tactility, but sit above the individual switches in the case (for HHKB) or on the plate (RF).

Not sure this makes much sense to me, the rubber dome has a spring underneath, I don't see how you can call springs switches.

The only statement that was incorrect was "Topre boards do not have individual switches for each key". Topre boards do have individual switches.

Yes.  I meant to say "Topre boards do not have individual [contact] switches for each key, [as exist in a Cherry MX keyboard]."  Topre does have switching mechanisms that correspond to each individual key.  The point I was trying to emphasize was the lack of physical contact under each keycap.

Actually, after considering the above cross section of a Topre switch, I would have to concede you are correct. Aside from the circuit board that registers the actuation, there really isn't anything more to the switch than the rubber dome, spring and switch slider assembly.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: intelli78 on Wed, 14 January 2015, 21:13:36
technically no

logistically yes

it's above a mechanical keyboard.

keyboard of the gods.

keyboard of freedom.

These sum it up...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ullr on Wed, 14 January 2015, 22:09:08
Otherwise I'd have to justify paying $200 for a non-mechanical keyboard (HHKB) :))

I have a feeling that this is often the underlying reasoning behind Topre's classification, no matter what argument a Topre fan might give. Because mechanical seems to imply expense, people erroneously draw the conclusion that expense implies mechanical.

The spring definition is an interesting one, and brings up other questions. Is this, http://deskthority.net/wiki/MEI_switch (http://deskthority.net/wiki/MEI_switch), then, not a mechanical switch? Are these http://deskthority.net/wiki/Fujitsu_Peerless (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Fujitsu_Peerless)? Does replacing the spring in Cherry MX switches with magnets, as I've seen people do, make it non-mechanical?

At this point, I don't think it's possible to objectively quantify "mechanical". The colloquial definition is muddied by the popularity of Topre, which leaves only the spring and capacitance as qualifiers for "mechanical", and capacitance removes far more objectively "mechanical" switches from the definition.

To me, mechanical means parts moving more than just up and down. I usually associate it with individual switches and the ability to naturally extend the mechanism into a locking switch, the ability of which Buckling Spring "switches" notably lack, but I consider them a far more logical exception to any rule concerning mechanical keyboards than Topre.

I definitely wouldn't consider capacitance what makes a switch better than another, either, considering Foam and Foil switches.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Polymer on Wed, 14 January 2015, 22:28:41
I'm not sure why it even matters...

People will argue back and forth about it..but it doesn't change the switch at all.  It isn't going to change it in the future either...

If we somehow came to a consensus that it is NOT mechanical, does that somehow mean it is now worse than MX switches?  Or does that mean that somehow MX switches are now worse than non mechanical switches?  Not at all..
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: jacobolus on Wed, 14 January 2015, 23:07:19
Some responses that seem reasonable:

FrostyToast: I guess you could tell people it's mechanical...

Oobly: So I say Topre is "hybrid" mechanical

hwood34: hybrid

Hyde: I'd call it hybrid as well lol.

RoflCopter4: Does it matter? It's not well defined what "mechanical" even means in this context. [...] Labels make little difference.

Daniel Beardsmore: Is Topre mechanical? I consider the question meaningless because "mechanical" has never been clearly defined.

jacobolus: “Mechanical” doesn’t have a particularly precise definition in the “keyboard enthusiast community”.

Daniel Beardsmore:  What you've got to ask yourselves is, what is the purpose of such a classification.

ullr: At this point, I don't think it's possible to objectively quantify "mechanical".

hasu: "mechanical" is useful or no problem at least in casual conversersaion even if people use their own different definitions/feelings. But in (technical) discussion the term is useless or even worse.

Polymer: I'm not sure why it even matters... People will argue back and forth about it..but it doesn't change the switch at all.  It isn't going to change it in the future either...

Oobly: What we as keyboard enthusiasts call "mechanical" keyboards is independent of the dictionary definition of "mechanical", it's merely a partially descriptive term [...] In many cases it is used to mean "not a mass-produced rubber dome board made for the average joe PC user who doesn't care". In fact, I suspect the definition is subtly different for every keyboard enthusiast.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Thu, 15 January 2015, 04:22:33
After participating in this thread, I'm willing to concede Topre isn't 'mechanical'. It's better. Mechanical is VGA. VGA rocked it in 2002. But now we have digital dual link DVI, current HDMI and DisplayPort standards. Why do you want to shove Topre into the old 'legacy' standard? Topre is above that. Sorry MX guys.

Now, if Cherry comes out with something that can compete, that's another story. I'll jump the Topre ship in a heartbeat if Cherry can come up with something better. But based on the sand-filled switches they've been producing for years, I'd have to say they're not even in the same league as Topre.

Ok, hit me with everything you got MX sheeple!
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: tbc on Thu, 15 January 2015, 05:15:40
jeebus

hate or worship topre all you want.

was it really necessary to butcher language in the meanwhile?  yoy are COMPLETELY allowed to change definitions of a word as long as you state the new definition.

also.  jargon.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Jumpjet on Thu, 15 January 2015, 05:59:12
I love my Topre. It's the best...THE BEST keyboard I've ever owned, but the hardcore Topre fanboys...there are some pretty grim deep-seated behavioural syndromes running rampant there, wouldn't you say? What an deeply unedifying spectacle.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: fuzzybaffy on Thu, 15 January 2015, 06:39:31
Yea... I don't know. It seems to me the only people who care about whether or not Topre switches can be classified as "mechanical", are those who want to trash Topre switches, so they can say "HA HA! Topre switches aren't REAL mechanical switches! So that must mean they suck!!!" (To clarify, I'm not talking about the OP himself, but the people he wants to convince that Topre switches are mechanical).

Like other people said. It doesn't matter. Whether or not it should be classified "mechanical" doesn't actually change the switch - you use it if you like it, or you don't if you don't.

And I say this as someone who keeps waffling between a Topre board, and Cherry MX boards.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Fri, 16 January 2015, 13:26:59
Key switches are so varied that I think mechanical has quite frankly become a term to mean high-quality. I mean, technically the collapse of a rubber dome is a mechanical process. What we need is a term used to refer to keyboards with individual modules under each key - although you could argue 'mechanical' fulfils this role, it hardly seems logical to use it in this context. I can't however think of an appropriate term to reflect this.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Findecanor on Fri, 16 January 2015, 14:56:20
Technically, every kind of key switch that has one or more moving parts is "mechanical".

However, when people talk about "mechanical" keyboard switches they often refer to the feel of them provided by the metal spring inside. The metal spring provides most of the resistance and the force/displacement curve on the key press is therefore completely or in part linear.
Topre does not fulfil that criteria because most of the resistance is created by a rubber dome - and like all rubber domes it gives S-shaped force/displacement curves.
Topre does however have two other properties that people also connect with "mechanical keyboards" (but which are not compulsory for key switches with metal springs): actuation somewhere in the middle, and a distinct feel when bottoming out.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Fri, 16 January 2015, 17:17:12
Findecanor has provided the most logical arguments so far in this thread. The definition of 'mechanical' has evolved over the years. While a more modern word might be warranted, the word mechanical has been established and is here to stay. Similar to how offset keys were originally needed to accommodate the bars on typewriters, but the layout was well established when computer keyboards came into existence and is still the most prevalent layout used today.

His most compelling point is about the actuation at mid keystroke. This is what really defines a mech keyboard IMO. The switch construction and components is a grey area, which is why there are differing opinions about Topre being mechanical. But because actuation is basically the same as a 'traditional' mechanical board, it's hard not to classify Topre as mechanical.

Another important characteristic of mechanical keyboards is long life. Topre now rates their switches at 60m keystrokes, which is higher than Cherry MX's 50m.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: tbc on Fri, 16 January 2015, 23:23:04
do all highend keyboards actuate BEFORE bottom out?  topre, mx, and BS do (or at least bs feels like it does...).  what's the story with alps and hall effect?

scissors switches and membranes can ONLY actuate on bottomout?

am i correct in all of that?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: jacobolus on Fri, 16 January 2015, 23:38:37
Most keyswitches actuate sometime before the bottom of the stroke. The important thing though is that switches very reliably actuate when pressed past their tactile point. Some types rubber dome / rubber sleeve switches (e.g. most scissor switches) are fine in this regard, because after the dome buckles it very reliably actuates the switch.

The problematic keyboards are the $10 type that you need to forcefully mash the key all the way down and then it still sometimes fails to actuate: such switches are great at causing or exacerbating RSI.

Lots of cheap keypads on things like microwaves, garage door control pads, cheap telephones and calculators, etc. have switches that you need to press multiple times to get to actuate, which makes them incredibly frustrating.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: dante on Sat, 17 January 2015, 00:15:08
As a fan of membrane keyboards I'd say no... Topre is definitely crap.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: RoflCopter4 on Sat, 17 January 2015, 02:27:39
I don't know what is so difficult to understand about the fact that "mechanical keyboard" has become a term whose meaning is not made up of the sum of its parts.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 07:15:50
Given the choice, I'd go for something along the lines of:

"Mechanical" — involves linkages or parts that move in a different direction to the keystroke, so this includes the Ducky 1000 series (perpendicular movement of the leaves), but excludes Topre, Hall effect, magnetic valve etc (pretty much anything with optical or semi solid-state sensing doesn't count)

"High-end" — keyboards built with long-term reliability as a primary goal, along with quality of construction — this covers Topre, Micro Switch, Filco etc but excludes the Ducky 1000 series; I wouldn't count the Cherry G80-3000 either as they're reliable but flimsy, and they're comparatively cheap (of course, the number of Filco problems, and their keycaps, makes their position dubious at best)

I find no logic in trying to group together almost everything on the planet that isn't rubber dome over membrane and spring over membrane. "Mechanical" is too much of a blanket term, and "mechanical" keyboards for many of us have proved less reliable and more disappointing than cheap rubber domes — LED failure, soldering failure, switch failure, controller failure, short keycap legend lifetime, and keycap failure. Bog standard Dell rubber domes from the likes of NMB and Silitek feel horrible but they last forever.

The term "mechanical" doesn't equate with "quality" or "worth buying".
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 07:51:04
Given the choice, I'd go for something along the lines of:

"Mechanical" — involves linkages or parts that move in a different direction to the keystroke, so this includes the Ducky 1000 series (perpendicular movement of the leaves), but excludes Topre, Hall effect, magnetic valve etc (pretty much anything with optical or semi solid-state sensing doesn't count)

"High-end" — keyboards built with long-term reliability as a primary goal, along with quality of construction — this covers Topre, Micro Switch, Filco etc but excludes the Ducky 1000 series; I wouldn't count the Cherry G80-3000 either as they're reliable but flimsy, and they're comparatively cheap (of course, the number of Filco problems, and their keycaps, makes their position dubious at best)

I find no logic in trying to group together almost everything on the planet that isn't rubber dome over membrane and spring over membrane. "Mechanical" is too much of a blanket term, and "mechanical" keyboards for many of us have proved less reliable and more disappointing than cheap rubber domes — LED failure, soldering failure, switch failure, controller failure, short keycap legend lifetime, and keycap failure. Bog standard Dell rubber domes from the likes of NMB and Silitek feel horrible but they last forever.

The term "mechanical" doesn't equate with "quality" or "worth buying".

Where would gamer-y boards such as Razer, Corsair and to some extent QFR fall into this category, and at an even lower price range, what about Perixx and the like?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 08:03:58
If it's got Cherry MX or Alps clone switches, it would fall under "mechanical" regardless of quality and regardless of whether you'd even want to give them away.

I would probably have to extend "mechanical" to anything with metal-on-metal contact to remove some of the ambiguity. Magnetic reed is a weird one since it's metal contact but there's nothing physically linking the user's actions to the contact motion. It's always going to be a tough call, and I'm not entirely convinced that the vast spectrum of switch designs can ever be neatly classified (the amount of different ideas and implementations is mind-blowing).

QFR is an interesting one — they seem to be solid and reliable. "Mid-tier" maybe? I don't recall hearing of problems with them, but that's no substitute for proper data. In an ideal world I'd reserve "high end" for PBT dye-sub and doubleshot keycaps, or any visually appealing lasering that lasts (no staining permitted). Topre of course do PBT keycaps, so they're in.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 08:45:36
So I made this chart... have I messed anything up?

(http://i.imgur.com/WM1VL7a.png)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Snowdog993 on Sat, 17 January 2015, 09:12:10
So I made this chart... have I messed anything up?

Show Image
(http://i.imgur.com/WM1VL7a.png)


That's implication logic.  I say no more.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 09:15:57
So I made this chart... have I messed anything up?

Show Image
(http://i.imgur.com/WM1VL7a.png)


That's implication logic.  I say no more.

Is that a bad thing?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 09:36:05
It's "discrete" :-)

Realforce keyboards should be under discrete switch housings, since the switches are not modular, but HHKB should be on the outside of the chart (HHKBs). Slider over dome tends not to be discrete either, nor most spring over membrane (Acer being an exception to that one).

An example of fully non-discrete mechanical is Hi-Tek linear and modular and Stackpole switch grid. (Hi-Tek modular is largely more than one switch per module.)

It's just not simple, and there are a lot of switches:

http://deskthority.net/wiki/Category:List_of_all_keyboard_switches

There are a significant number missing from the wiki.

Oh, and "Rubber dome" should read "Integrated-mount rubber dome over membrane" to distinguish it from modular rubber domes (e.g. Alps SKE* serieses) and Topre, and slider over rubber dome.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 09:59:31
It's "discrete" :-)

Realforce keyboards should be under discrete switch housings, since the switches are not modular, but HHKB should be on the outside of the chart (HHKBs). Slider over dome tends not to be discrete either, nor most spring over membrane (Acer being an exception to that one).

An example of fully non-discrete mechanical is Hi-Tek linear and modular and Stackpole switch grid. (Hi-Tek modular is largely more than one switch per module.)

It's just not simple, and there are a lot of switches:

http://deskthority.net/wiki/Category:List_of_all_keyboard_switches

There are a significant number missing from the wiki.

Oh, and "Rubber dome" should read "Integrated-mount rubber dome over membrane" to distinguish it from modular rubber domes (e.g. Alps SKE* serieses) and Topre, and slider over rubber dome.

Discreet, lol, i must be tired.

I'm only going for the more common switches for readability, but may add the Hi-Tek for the sake of proving the existence of Non-Discrete Mechanical switches
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 11:11:45
Version two, with thanks to Daniel for feedback.

(http://i.imgur.com/caaeckv.png)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 11:51:07
Slider over dome switches (BTC, NMB, Alps etc) are largely non-discrete: the slider guide shafts are moulded into a single sheet of plastic, usually the top case of the keyboard.

Hi-Tek/Stackpole keyboards take several forms. The "waffle grid" is the old design; Hi-Tek modular (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Hi-Tek_modular) keyboards used flat-top units for both the grids and the discrete switches (with some crossover between the two).

Fully modular conductive rubber dome switches: Alps integrated dome (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Alps_integrated_dome), Maxi Switch integrated dome (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Maxi_Switch_integrated_dome)

Conductive rubber dome with discrete housings: Printec-DS S7 (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Printec-DS_S7)

I wouldn't personally class Cherry MY as mechanical, but it's a frustrating grey area, along with Acer switches. Tai-Hao's equivalent to Acer switches (non-discrete, spring over membrane with click leaves) is something they refer to as "semi-mechanical", which raises an interesting question, because I didn't think they'd sold any for some time, so how long as the term "mechanical" been in use?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Sat, 17 January 2015, 12:05:44
Slider over dome switches (BTC, NMB, Alps etc) are largely non-discrete: the slider guide shafts are moulded into a single sheet of plastic, usually the top case of the keyboard.

Hi-Tek/Stackpole keyboards take several forms. The "waffle grid" is the old design; Hi-Tek modular (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Hi-Tek_modular) keyboards used flat-top units for both the grids and the discrete switches (with some crossover between the two).

Fully modular conductive rubber dome switches: Alps integrated dome (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Alps_integrated_dome), Maxi Switch integrated dome (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Maxi_Switch_integrated_dome)

Conductive rubber dome with discrete housings: Printec-DS S7 (http://deskthority.net/wiki/Printec-DS_S7)

I wouldn't personally class Cherry MY as mechanical, but it's a frustrating grey area, along with Acer switches. Tai-Hao's equivalent to Acer switches (non-discrete, spring over membrane with click leaves) is something they refer to as "semi-mechanical", which raises an interesting question, because I didn't think they'd sold any for some time, so how long as the term "mechanical" been in use?

To me it seemed that the older Hi-Tek switches were the waffle style, and the newer ones had a modular design... right? or wrong?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 12:09:36
It appears so. Hearsay notwithstanding, and going only by photographic confirmation, the only waffle grids with branding are from Stackpole; most waffle grids are unbranded. The original Hi-Tek patents don't illustrate the form that the keyboard took, nor do Stackpole's patents. The dovetail system is the only design actually depicted in a patent.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: 0100010 on Sat, 17 January 2015, 12:35:50
Don't forget inductive switches.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: jacobolus on Sat, 17 January 2015, 15:13:09
So I made this chart... have I messed anything up?
Basically no one is going to agree with this chart. As has been said before, it’s pointless to try to nail down definitions for the word “mechanical” in this context. Having one person (or even a whole group of people) declare a switch to be “mechanical” or “not mechanical” has zero effect on anything. It’s pure semantics masturbation.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Daniel Beardsmore on Sat, 17 January 2015, 15:19:07
I suppose I should be relieved to finally find someone here who's actually more miserable and negative than I am.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Jumpjet on Sat, 17 January 2015, 19:27:37
I suppose I should be relieved to finally find someone here who's actually more miserable and negative than I am.

that's my first forum 'lol' of 2015. Thanks! ;-)

Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Jumpjet on Sat, 17 January 2015, 19:37:46
So I made this chart... have I messed anything up?
Basically no one is going to agree with this chart. As has been said before, it�s pointless to try to nail down definitions for the word �mechanical� in this context. Having one person (or even a whole group of people) declare a switch to be �mechanical� or �not mechanical� has zero effect on anything. It�s pure semantics masturbation.

That's it in a nutshell. I regard Topre as a hybrid rubber dome, with the emphasis strongly on the 'rubber dome' element. Despite that, Torpe switches feel extremely mechanical to me, far more so than any other switch I've tried. I like the occasionally-voiced 'piano key' comparison; that pretty much describes the way the key-return feels like the concluding movement of a distant mechanical sequence...which it obviously isn't of course: It's a simple rubber dome.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Sat, 17 January 2015, 19:37:47
All switches are electro-mechanical devices, either individually built and housed or constructed in a full matrix, with metal springs, or rubber based spring-back actuators. Any further classification will have gray areas that can be defined with any of the mathematical sets theory connectors.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Sencha on Mon, 19 January 2015, 07:09:23
I don't care if they are or aren't. They are amazing that's all you need to know :D
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Sun, 01 February 2015, 05:06:32
Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.

If that's true, why are Cherry and Topre switches both rated for, like, 50 million presses?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Polymer on Sun, 01 February 2015, 05:44:36
I think that is probably an estimation of the rubber..they used to be rated lower....

I don't think they're going to last any longer..but because of the lack of contact they wouldn't have problems that ones that do have...

But since they don't sell replacement rubber cups and no one is making them (unlike Cherry springs), the rubber going out makes it worthless...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wordfool on Sun, 01 February 2015, 22:34:03
Hybrid in nature, perhaps hybrid in name, but sadly not hybrid in price.

Just tell people that no, Topres are not mechanical.... they're more expensive than mechanical. Then let the audience come to its own conclusions :D
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: 00zeRO on Mon, 02 February 2015, 14:20:49
...and the debate rages on...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: noisyturtle on Mon, 02 February 2015, 15:48:37
It's a hybrid, but closer to the side of rubber domes than to a real mech board

That's why Topre owners put up such bravado, they know how flawed they are
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: 00zeRO on Mon, 02 February 2015, 15:58:04
It's a hybrid, but closer to the side of rubber domes than to a real mech board

That's why Topre owners put up such bravado, they know how flawed they are

now, now, be nice Noisy...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: noisyturtle on Mon, 02 February 2015, 16:05:41
It's a hybrid, but closer to the side of rubber domes than to a real mech board

That's why Topre owners put up such bravado, they know how flawed they are

now, now, be nice Noisy...

Topre feels nicer than a standard rubber dome.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Macsmasher on Tue, 03 February 2015, 14:02:30
It's a hybrid, but closer to the side of rubber domes than to a real mech board

That's why Topre owners put up such bravado, they know how flawed they are


Hey, I resemble that!
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Sun, 15 February 2015, 09:15:08
As long as they work so well and don't degrade like cheap keyboards, who cares?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Chromako on Sun, 15 February 2015, 17:16:33
Since the sensing is non-contact capacitive, as many have said, I don't think they technically count as "mechanical." They are even less "mechanical" than rubber dome (although I don't think anyone is actually using real rubber anymore)+membrane, in my opinion, as with membranes you are actually physically completing an electrical circuit, and with Topre, you aren't even doing that. But, for example, 55g Topre feels much more mechanical than, say, Cherry MX Blacks.


That being said, Topre > Cherry MX. So there!


Now, IBM capacitive buckling springs in Model F keyboards... that's also a tricky question. They have a non-contact mechanism for sensing and they don't really have discrete switches, which puts them in the "not mechanical" group. But then again, they sure feel more "mechanical" than Cherry MX switches, have a spring, and even a hammer for each key, so... they kind of are...


We really need to come up with a better term for high-quality keyboards like Cherry, Space Invader, Topre, Alps, and BS than "mechanical" that's also sexier than saying "not complete rubbish." That's my take away.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 18:33:03
This debate is futile, it is barely a question to entertain the casual reader and writer. Even the rubber dome boards are mechanical ones. So Topre are also mechanical boards, scissors boards are mechanical. Even, the chiclet type boards in most laptops are mechanical as well.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: njbair on Sun, 15 February 2015, 18:44:13
I guess the only non mechanical keyboards are on smartphone screens. And also that cool gumstick that projects a laser keyboard on your desk.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 18:48:34
This debate is futile, it is barely a question to entertain the casual reader and writer. Even the rubber dome boards are mechanical ones. So Topre are also mechanical boards, scissors boards are mechanical. Even, the chiclet type boards in most laptops are mechanical as well.

technically yes. but i think the definition is different for this community...

i like to think that, if it has a spring, it's mechanical.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 18:51:08
Here's my two cents:
first, here's my definition of "mechanical":
If it does not feel mushy, and activates reliably at approximately the same position every time, it's mechanical.

If it's unreliably activated or feels like mush, it's not mechanical.
I've never had a topre, but apparently they feel nice and not at all mushy, so I'd happily call it mechanical.

I'm happy with my Model M's, though :D

Version two, with thanks to Daniel for feedback.

Show Image
(http://i.imgur.com/caaeckv.png)

ah, the model M does not have discrete switch housing; all of the switches are on a single board and all activate a shared membrane underneath. While some buckling springs may exist in discrete switches, the Model M's do not. That's the only flaw I immediately notice with this graphic.

Because there is no physical contact, capacitive switch keyboards have a longer life than any other mechanical keyboard.
so are you claiming a Model F will last longer than a Model M switch? Because a Model F is capacitive but has a spring - and that spring will not probably take any longer to stop working than a Model M spring. (That's still a REALLY long time, but I'm just saying - there are always exceptions.)

And anyway, a Hall Effect switch will last longer than a buckling spring.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 18:57:22
double post merged
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:01:49
I am not trying to oversimplify the question, but only to be objective; all the keyboards that have some mechanism to get a key to actuate a switch and then spring back to its original position are mechanical. We may debate if such mechanism is reliable, of if it provides enough feedback to the user; or even if the feedback feels well, or if it is responsive; or maybe to discuss its quality or any other characteristic, but we cannot really try to use the term mechanical to certain mechanisms that we like, or prefer, and to call anything else to those boards that have mechanisms we do not like.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:03:37
I am not trying to oversimplify the question, but only to be objective; all the keyboards that have some mechanism to get a key to actuate a switch and then spring back to its original position are mechanical. We may debate if such mechanism is reliable, of if it provides enough feedback to the user; or even if the feedback feels well, or if it is responsive; or maybe to discuss its quality or any other characteristic, but we cannot really try to use the term mechanical to certain mechanisms that we like, or prefer, and to call anything else to those boards that have mechanisms we do not like.

Yes, I know rubberdome is technically 'mechanical' by the physical definition and the scientific definition.
However, we are keyboard enthusiasts and we have a different definition of mechanical from the scientific community.
I still agree with your logic, though. It's just that this community basically calls anything without a rubber dome mechanical.
We mean we like bits of metal doing the switching work, as opposed to plastic/rubber/silicone.
I think the real question asked was, "Should we classify the Topre as a Rubber Dome switch, or as a non-rubber switch?" Because it contains aspects of both.
I say, call it mechanical, because it's not using a rubber dome in the same way that makes that mushy feeling we (I'm guessing all of us) hate/dislike.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Novus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:08:43
Topre is the last bastion of defense against those cherry boys.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: njbair on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:08:49
I think the point ideus is trying to make is that we don't get to define the word mechanical. It's already been defined. If we want to split hairs over what makes a "good" keyboard we've really got to find another term.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:10:25
I think the point ideus is trying to make is that we don't get to define the word mechanical. It's already been defined. If we want to split hairs over what makes a "good" keyboard we've really got to find another term.


umm...

words can have multiple definitions

just look at any dictionary...

plus not to mention, we aren't defining the word "mechanical"... we're defining "mechanical keyboard"...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Novus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:12:42
In the most literal sense a rubber dome is mechanical
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:14:14
I think the point ideus is trying to make is that we don't get to define the word mechanical. It's already been defined. If we want to split hairs over what makes a "good" keyboard we've really got to find another term.
A few years too late to change the definition for the whole community, but if the community were to start today, I'd probably look for an alternate term. Can't do much about it now, though!
It's a bit like the Washington Redskins' name, only less offensive.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: noisyturtle on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:18:00
In the most literal sense a rubber dome is mechanical

Yup, every keyboard ever made is technically mechanical as defined by the top definition:
produced or operated by a machine or tool

I define it as a set of machined moving parts which interact with each other to produce an outcome that would not be possible based upon each individual piece alone.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:23:17
But in the most literal sense, the PCB is a part, and the rubber dome is a part, and the switch is a part. So unless you can make all three of those the same part, any rubberdome keyboard is mechanical.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:24:40
you guys are repeating yourselves...
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ConscienceDrop on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:26:54
Topre are mostly an excuse to believe that the person ever liked mechanical in the first place.

if you were to go back to rubberdomes you would be a dumbass, but if you buy 300$ rubberdomes then you can pretend all the money you spent on mx you didnt even like was getting you to your "endgame" keyboard.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Novus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:27:32
you guys are repeating yourselves...

shhhhhhhhh let these plebes hash it out.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:29:01
you guys are repeating yourselves...

shhhhhhhhh let these plebes hash it out.

(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KdEIMy97pbM/U-Jwvh4DlII/AAAAAAAABYc/VB6tta-sJGE/s1600/beating+a+dead+horse.gif)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:31:00
Damn, can't argue with that GIF. I'm out.

(the image was modified after I replied. Here's the original:)
(http://img.pandawhale.com/88611-beating-dead-horse-gif-South-P-ZqEc.gif)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:35:42
Damn, can't argue with that GIF. I'm out.

(http://i1.kym-cdn.com/photos/images/original/000/540/666/89d.gif)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: noisyturtle on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:38:57
How Can Topres Be Mechanical If Our Eyes Aren't Mechanical?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:39:49
Keyboards can be classified into three broad groups: The ones that use a plastic scissor+cup or similar device to actuate; the boards the have rubber-like plastic or elastomeric materials to produce the actuation; and those that have metallic springs.


The first category covers most of the laptop keyboards and portable-low-profile ones. The second includes most rubber dome, and Topre boards; by all means they are not the same, but share the actuation device concept. The third includes MX, BS and similar mechanisms.


I would like to point that the spring based boards have discrete mechanisms that are easily recognized as mechanical switches and mechanical boards. That may lead to the general use of the term here at GH and DT as The definition of mechanical board: The keyboard that carries discrete mechanical switches.


However, we debate the quality and reliability of boards to fulfill the task at hand, either, to type, or for gaming, and even for customizing them, that is our main common interest as GH members. But this is not as simple as classifying a particular board as mechanical or otherwise.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Computer-Lab in Basement on Sun, 15 February 2015, 19:40:57
(http://s2.quickmeme.com/img/62/62e572908ce06ca6142df9d781b672ae543dc7b11c6c7d0902a2e8551a658436.jpg)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Mon, 16 February 2015, 04:21:50
Technically, all keyboards are "mechanical", because they all consist of assembled, moving parts used to achieve a specific result.

The term "mechanical keyboard" came into use to distinguish the various and significantly more expensive, higher-quality forms of KB technology—including those that utilize durable rubber domes—from the cheap, short-wearing RD KBs most of the world uses.

It's an ambiguous term that doesn't stand up to rigorous analysis. People use it because no one could think of a better one, and because they know what it's supposed to mean.

It's like "acoustic" musical instruments. They were originally just called "instruments". When electric instruments were invented, suddenly there was a need to distinguish the non-electrics from them—so the term "acoustic" came into use (probably because "non-electric" sounded goofy). But technically, all musical instruments are "acoustic", because music is ultimately about sound, no matter how it's produced.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Mon, 16 February 2015, 04:25:04
Quite frankly, this is probably the best way to sort out keyboards. Though people will argue endlessly about the positions of the boards in the top right box.

(http://i.imgur.com/Hr6ufYP.png)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Dihedral on Mon, 16 February 2015, 04:25:47
Technically, all keyboards are "mechanical", because they all consist of assembled, moving parts used to achieve a specific result.

The term "mechanical keyboard" came into use to distinguish the various and significantly more expensive, higher-quality forms of KB technology—including those that utilize durable rubber domes—from the cheap, short-wearing RD KBs most of the world uses.

It's an ambiguous term that doesn't stand up to rigorous analysis. People use it because no one could think of a better one, and because they know what it's supposed to mean.

It's like "acoustic" musical instruments. They were originally just called "instruments". When electric instruments were invented, suddenly there was a need to distinguish the non-electrics from them—so the term "acoustic" came into use (probably because "non-electric" sounded goofy). But technically, all musical instruments are "acoustic", because music is ultimately about sound, no matter how it's produced.

That's the best analogy I've heard so far. This should be added to the OP.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Mon, 16 February 2015, 05:39:20
Thanks!
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: njbair on Mon, 16 February 2015, 14:38:04
Musical genres also serve as a good analogy here.

In musical academia, pretty much any music ever will fall into one of two categories: pop music or art music. Within pop music there are obviously lots of different genres, such as rock, country, rap, and of course pop (proper). Within art music you've basically got classical and jazz. Classical music is further categorized by time period: baroque, classical (proper), romantic. And if I were to bring this up in a conservatory there would be a line of people itching to correct me, I'm sure. But in the hallways of that conservatory, the word "music," unqualified, means classical music as opposed to pop music. The point is, anywhere you go when someone says "classical music," you generally know what they mean.

When I talk to non-keyboard-enthusiasts, I use the term mechanical keyboard as an easy way to make a distinction (until they get bored and walk away). But here on GH, we never really bother to say "mechanical keyboard," but instead provide a more specific term, in this case "cherry board," "BS," or "Topre." The word "keyboard" by itself generally indicates a mechanical keyboard when used in these forums. We only bother to specify when it's not a mechanical board (i.e. "it's a pretty decent rubberdome").

Ultimately, I think what it comes down to is not whether or not there's a metal spring somewhere in the internals, but it's a matter of design goals. Was the board designed to cut costs, or was it designed to provide a quality typing experience? So then, the answer to OP's question is, it depends what you mean by mechanical. But at the end of the day a Topre is a quality keyboard.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Mon, 16 February 2015, 15:04:50

We are, after many deep and clever arguments, in the same original position: What does mechanical-board mean? LOL. I think we all know it well already, that is why we are part of GH after all, the point is that our very personal preferences get in our way to have clear and sound communication because we want to believe our personal choice deserves to be called a mechanical board, even more, the best mechanical board around.


It is ok is you like Topres, or other boards, even rubber domes or Apple's ones, as long as your decision has been well informed and that you are aware of what is a high quality keyboard. And that you really do not need someone else endorsing your preferred board with the mechanical board designation.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: wyatt8740 on Mon, 16 February 2015, 15:21:43
(http://i.imgur.com/bIduXpL.gif)
I haven't heard anyone say it's not mechanical on this thread. Let's stop this.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Mon, 16 February 2015, 15:24:46
The lazy minds need GIFs, that is why here is mine.




[attachimg=1]
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Mon, 16 February 2015, 18:15:19
Quote from: njbair
When I talk to non-keyboard-enthusiasts, I use the term mechanical keyboard as an easy way to make a distinction (until they get bored and walk away). But here on GH, we never really bother to say "mechanical keyboard," but instead provide a more specific term, in this case "cherry board," "BS," or "Topre"...

Good point! A term like "mechanical keyboard" is actually most useful in sales situations, where you're in a store full of KBs, and they need some way of distinguishing the better ones for marketing purposes. I wouldn't be surprised if the marketing guys thought it up.

Quote from: njbair
Ultimately, I think what it comes down to is not whether or not there's a metal spring somewhere in the internals, but it's a matter of design goals. Was the board designed to cut costs, or was it designed to provide a quality typing experience?

Unfortunately, "quality" is very subjective... I actually know people who prefer cheap RD KBs to the kinds of KBs we like, just because they're used to them. Technology's always advancing, too, so someone may eventually invent high-quality switches that don't need springs.

Quote from: njbair
So then, the answer to OP's question is, it depends what you mean by mechanical.

And in any case, we get to keep jabbering about KB stuff, so it can't be bad.

Quote from: wyatt4780
[BEATING A DEAD HORSE]

Hey, it's called "obsessiveness". Haven't you noticed how obsessive KB geeks are? Dude, this is just who we are.  :?)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: faceyourfaces on Mon, 16 February 2015, 18:25:02
Quite frankly, this is probably the best way to sort out keyboards. Though people will argue endlessly about the positions of the boards in the top right box.

Show Image
(http://i.imgur.com/Hr6ufYP.png)


Capacitive Buckling Spring (Model F) is just so good that it's higher than the chart.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ander on Tue, 17 February 2015, 02:28:13
Capacitive Buckling Spring (Model F) is just so good that it's higher than the chart.

[attachimg=1]
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: MPZ on Tue, 17 February 2015, 04:39:19
Quote
Topre are mostly an excuse to believe that the person ever liked mechanical in the first place.

if you were to go back to rubberdomes you would be a dumbass, but if you buy 300$ rubberdomes then you can pretend all the money you spent on mx you didnt even like was getting you to your "endgame" keyboard.

I think you're on to something here. I first tried a mechanical (monoprice 9181) about 2 years ago, and I LOVED it. So about a month ago, when I ordered the parts to build a desktop (After years of laptops), I decided it was time for my first mechanical, looked into tenkeyless red switch boards, and decided on a KUL ES-87. The thing is... I didn't like it nearly as much as I remembered liking the 9181. So I decided to scoop some horribly expensive (for a $130 board) Leopold thick PBT keycaps. They are an improvement, but it's not that drastic. So I bought a novatouch, and lost all interest in cherry-style switches. I'm still wondering what it was about the 9181... I suspect its that the board is pretty much flat (as far as I can tell- I've had a horrible time finding pics, videos, and comprehensive reviews)- which is what I'm used to given the years of laptops and the Mac Pros I use at my school. So while I could probably be reasonably happy on a 9181 or the new monoprice board (or some other more flat cherry or cherry clone switch board), I'm pretty much happy I was unsatisfied with my KUL because it led to my discovery of Topre.

Now I'm just waiting impatiently for Massdrop to send me my EC108 Pro with 35g switches (I returned the novatouch- too stiff for me with PBT keycaps).   
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Tue, 17 February 2015, 07:41:07
The lazy minds need GIFs, that is why here is mine.




(Attachment Link)

Come on guys, nobody is impressed with this hips movement? :))
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 07:52:56
Some questions:

1. If topre's resistance mostly comes from the rubber, then that just means their rubber is better engineered than the rubber membranes in $10 keyboards, right? So I guess the obvious question is, why don't $10 keyboard manufacturers spend $5 more and produce better rubber domes?

2. I still don't understand what triggers the switch in a topre. Capacitance sensor is on the PCB right? When I press down on the key is it the little black disc on the underside of the dome that alters the capacitance? I hear it's the spring, but I don't get how that works. Me electronics not so gud.

3. Model Fs have capacitive switches. Does it feel any different from a Model M switch?

BTW these two posts were the best answers in this thread. I suppose what we're really looking for is some name better than 'mechanical'. I suggest 'tactile' (which suffers the same problem as mechanical in that all keyboards other than touchscreen ones are technically tactile) or 'predictable' (which sounds stupid).

Technically, every kind of key switch that has one or more moving parts is "mechanical".

However, when people talk about "mechanical" keyboard switches they often refer to the feel of them provided by the metal spring inside. The metal spring provides most of the resistance and the force/displacement curve on the key press is therefore completely or in part linear.
Topre does not fulfil that criteria because most of the resistance is created by a rubber dome - and like all rubber domes it gives S-shaped force/displacement curves.
Topre does however have two other properties that people also connect with "mechanical keyboards" (but which are not compulsory for key switches with metal springs): actuation somewhere in the middle, and a distinct feel when bottoming out.

Technically, all keyboards are "mechanical", because they all consist of assembled, moving parts used to achieve a specific result.

The term "mechanical keyboard" came into use to distinguish the various and significantly more expensive, higher-quality forms of KB technology—including those that utilize durable rubber domes—from the cheap, short-wearing RD KBs most of the world uses.

It's an ambiguous term that doesn't stand up to rigorous analysis. People use it because no one could think of a better one, and because they know what it's supposed to mean.

It's like "acoustic" musical instruments. They were originally just called "instruments". When electric instruments were invented, suddenly there was a need to distinguish the non-electrics from them—so the term "acoustic" came into use (probably because "non-electric" sounded goofy). But technically, all musical instruments are "acoustic", because music is ultimately about sound, no matter how it's produced.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Sat, 21 February 2015, 07:58:49
Some questions:

1. If topre's resistance mostly comes from the rubber, then that just means their rubber is better engineered than the rubber membranes in $10 keyboards, right? So I guess the obvious question is, why don't $10 keyboard manufacturers spend $5 more and produce better rubber domes?

2. I still don't understand what triggers the switch in a topre. Capacitance sensor is on the PCB right? When I press down on the key is it the little black disc on the underside of the dome that alters the capacitance? I hear it's the spring, but I don't get how that works. Me electronics not so gud.

3. Model Fs have capacitive switches. Does it feel any different from a Model M switch?

BTW these two posts were the best answers in this thread. I suppose what we're really looking for is some name better than 'mechanical'. I suggest 'tactile' (which suffers the same problem as mechanical in that all keyboards other than touchscreen ones are technically tactile) or 'predictable' (which sounds stupid).

Technically, every kind of key switch that has one or more moving parts is "mechanical".

However, when people talk about "mechanical" keyboard switches they often refer to the feel of them provided by the metal spring inside. The metal spring provides most of the resistance and the force/displacement curve on the key press is therefore completely or in part linear.
Topre does not fulfil that criteria because most of the resistance is created by a rubber dome - and like all rubber domes it gives S-shaped force/displacement curves.
Topre does however have two other properties that people also connect with "mechanical keyboards" (but which are not compulsory for key switches with metal springs): actuation somewhere in the middle, and a distinct feel when bottoming out.

Technically, all keyboards are "mechanical", because they all consist of assembled, moving parts used to achieve a specific result.

The term "mechanical keyboard" came into use to distinguish the various and significantly more expensive, higher-quality forms of KB technology—including those that utilize durable rubber domes—from the cheap, short-wearing RD KBs most of the world uses.

It's an ambiguous term that doesn't stand up to rigorous analysis. People use it because no one could think of a better one, and because they know what it's supposed to mean.

It's like "acoustic" musical instruments. They were originally just called "instruments". When electric instruments were invented, suddenly there was a need to distinguish the non-electrics from them—so the term "acoustic" came into use (probably because "non-electric" sounded goofy). But technically, all musical instruments are "acoustic", because music is ultimately about sound, no matter how it's produced.
It is a spring, with a rubberdome over the spring, and the slider pushes down on the rubberdome.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Polymer on Sat, 21 February 2015, 09:04:37
BTW these two posts were the best answers in this thread. I suppose what we're really looking for is some name better than 'mechanical'. I suggest 'tactile' (which suffers the same problem as mechanical in that all keyboards other than touchscreen ones are technically tactile) or 'predictable' (which sounds stupid).

Tactility is there so you know when you've actuated the switch/pressed the key sufficiently...Technically, most of these have a bump that happens slightly before actuation but really, the idea is you know when you've actuated the switch..

This, in comparison to non-tactile switch, such as reds, where really you have no way of feeling when you've actuated the switch. 

You might say, well, normal membrane keyboards don't actuate until you hit bottom..but with a rubber dome it collapses so you pretty much do hit bottom...the general idea is the same.

It is also why some people dislike linear switches because we've gotten used to some sort of confirmation we've pressed the keys..even when it really doesn't matter because we can't react to it if we're typing sufficiently fast..but we're still used to feeling something..



Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 09:27:05
Put me down as one who doesn't like linears. Seems to defeat the purpose of a mechanical switch if you ask me. But what's a mechanical switch anyway?  :p
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 09:33:33
It is a spring, with a rubberdome over the spring, and the slider pushes down on the rubberdome.

Yes, I get that, but what's causes the capacitive switch to trigger? Something has to cause the capacitance to change. What is it? Is it the spring? My understanding of capacitors is that there's an insulator between the two plates (on the PCB), which in this case is... air? Then when I press down on the dome and compress the spring, at some point the charge discharges across the spring. Correct?

That's probably hopelessly wrong. Someone help explain it to me please.  :'(
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Sat, 21 February 2015, 09:35:30
It is a spring, with a rubberdome over the spring, and the slider pushes down on the rubberdome.

Yes, I get that, but what's causes the capacitive switch to trigger? Something has to cause the capacitance to change. What is it? If it's the spring, eh? My understanding of capacitors is that there's an insulator between the two plates (on the PCB), which in this case is... air? Then when I press down on the dome and compress the spring, at some point the charge discharges across the spring.

That's probably hopelessly wrong. Someone help explain it to me please.  :'(
The rubberdome pushes down 2 pieces that complete the contact, you can read more here: http://deskthority.net/wiki/Rubber_dome
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 10:55:17
The rubberdome pushes down 2 pieces that complete the contact, you can read more here: http://deskthority.net/wiki/Rubber_dome

I think you're describing rubber dome over a membrane. If that's how the topre works then actuation would require bottoming out, which I don't think it does. Besides, with a membrane, it would be the black disc that would be the contact point and actuator, but in the literature I've read it says the spring is a key part of actuation, related to capacitance. I don't think capacitive switches need contact to actuate. If it did then it wouldn't really be any different from a cherry electrical switch.

Another puzzle: does the spring actually sit on top of and in contact with the PCB like this? http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg Wouldn't that cause a short?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Sat, 21 February 2015, 11:08:47
The rubberdome pushes down 2 pieces that complete the contact, you can read more here: http://deskthority.net/wiki/Rubber_dome

I think you're describing rubber dome over a membrane. If that's how the topre works then actuation would require bottoming out, which I don't think it does. Besides, with a membrane, it would be the black disc that would be the contact point and actuator, but in the literature I've read it says the spring is a key part of actuation, related to capacitance. I don't think capacitive switches need contact to actuate. If it did then it wouldn't really be any different from a cherry electrical switch.

Another puzzle: does the spring actually sit on top of and in contact with the PCB like this? http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg Wouldn't that cause a short?
http://deskthority.net/wiki/Topre_switch
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 11:23:09
http://deskthority.net/wiki/Topre_switch

Your linking game is strong. But did you actually read the page? Because this is as much as it says, and for that matter anywhere I can find on the internet says about the actuation mechanism.

"When the conical spring is compressed, a capacitative sensing mechanism on the PCB senses the key press mid-actuation. Circuitry on the PCB collects sensing data from smaller key groups and feeds it to the controller. This scheme has the capacity for providing N-key roll-over."

The key, murky part:
"a capacitative sensing mechanism on the PCB senses the key press mid-actuation. "

How? How does the spring relate to the capacitive sensors on the PCB? Does the spring hold some charge?

Once again, does anyone actually know how a Topre switch works?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Sat, 21 February 2015, 11:30:03

http://deskthority.net/wiki/Topre_switch

Your linking game is strong. But did you actually read the page? Because this is as much as it says, and for that matter anywhere I can find on the internet says about the actuation mechanism.

"When the conical spring is compressed, a capacitative sensing mechanism on the PCB senses the key press mid-actuation. Circuitry on the PCB collects sensing data from smaller key groups and feeds it to the controller. This scheme has the capacity for providing N-key roll-over."

The key, murky part:
"a capacitative sensing mechanism on the PCB senses the key press mid-actuation. "

How? How does the spring relate to the capacitive sensors on the PCB? Does the spring hold some charge?

Once again, does anyone actually know how a Topre switch works?
In the pictures, you will see a little rubber dong on the inside of the rubber some, and this is how it can actuate without bottoming out, at least try to use some common sense, instead of letting us spoon feed information that I learned from just googling how does topre work. If that is a bit tough the visualize, here is a diagram (http://tapatalk.imageshack.com/v2/15/02/21/84aed656d19fabd3d9eb9a43f796368c.jpg)
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 11:54:04
In the pictures, you will see a little rubber dong on the inside of the rubber some, and this is how it can actuate without bottoming out, at least try to use some common sense, instead of letting us spoon feed information that I learned from just googling how does topre work. If that is a bit tough the visualize, here is a diagram
Show Image
(http://tapatalk.imageshack.com/v2/15/02/21/84aed656d19fabd3d9eb9a43f796368c.jpg)


Are you just pasting the first google results you can find? Here's the inside of a topre rubber dome. Notice it doesn't have a contact pad or 'rubber dong'.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/2/24/Topre_Short_Throw_-_Dome_Comparison_Underside.jpg.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/5/5e/Topre_Dome_Sheet_and_Mounting_Plate.JPG

This is the rubber dome from Topre's conductive switch, the one that does require contact, hence the carbon pad: http://deskthority.net/wiki/File:Sony_BKE_2011_-_Switch_Dome_Bottom.jpg

Even if your explanation were correct it still doesn't explain how the spring is an integral component of the actuation mechanism.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sethk_ on Sat, 21 February 2015, 11:55:21
In the pictures, you will see a little rubber dong on the inside of the rubber some, and this is how it can actuate without bottoming out, at least try to use some common sense, instead of letting us spoon feed information that I learned from just googling how does topre work. If that is a bit tough the visualize, here is a diagram
Show Image
(http://tapatalk.imageshack.com/v2/15/02/21/84aed656d19fabd3d9eb9a43f796368c.jpg)


Are you just pasting the first google results you can find? Here's the inside of a topre rubber dome. Notice it doesn't have a contact pad or 'rubber dong'.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/2/24/Topre_Short_Throw_-_Dome_Comparison_Underside.jpg.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/5/5e/Topre_Dome_Sheet_and_Mounting_Plate.JPG

This is the rubber dome from Topre's conductive switch, the one that does require contact, hence the carbon pad: http://deskthority.net/wiki/File:Sony_BKE_2011_-_Switch_Dome_Bottom.jpg

Even if your explanation were correct it still doesn't explain how the spring is an integral component of the actuation mechanism.
That was from keychatters blog, if you want me to I can take some pictures of my HHKB's internals to try and give a visual.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 12:15:22
It's ok, there's images of the HHKB rubber dome sheet about on the internet. Seems there's no rubber nub on those either:
http://www.computerartisan.com/hhk/pro0.jpg
http://s13.postimg.org/6p38jssxz/DSC00637.jpg

So, gotta be the spring, right? I'm just not understanding that mechanism just yet. As you have a HHKB though, can you confirm whether the springs are in contact with the PCB or not? My assumption would be that they would. But again, doesn't that cause a short?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Moralless on Sat, 21 February 2015, 12:33:50
It's ok, there's images of the HHKB rubber dome sheet about on the internet. Seems there's no rubber nub on those either:
http://www.computerartisan.com/hhk/pro0.jpg
http://s13.postimg.org/6p38jssxz/DSC00637.jpg

So, gotta be the spring, right? I'm just not understanding that mechanism just yet. As you have a HHKB though, can you confirm whether the springs are in contact with the PCB or not? My assumption would be that they would. But again, doesn't that cause a short?

Topre boards work by capacitance (here's a pretty good video describing the basics of it (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDbKWgKwT5c)) in this case the conical spring (which has charge) would act the same way as plate 1(except it's the one being moved) in the video that I linked. The conical springs does make contact with the PCB but it has relatively nothing to do with how the key becomes actuated since no physical contact needs to take place for the charges to be transferred.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 13:25:03
Thanks for that. I think I get it now. My mistake was thinking that the two plates were on the PCB itself.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg
http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hisao/image/topre_041.jpg

I found this helped a lot: http://www.edn.com/design/consumer/4368384/Designing-reliable-capacitive-touch-interfaces

Basically, the switch works the same as a touchscreen button, with the spring taking place of the finger. Set the capacitance such that resting contact doesn't trigger a discharge, but further compression (bringing the plates closer) will, at some defined point. That's my understanding. Let me know if I've got any of this wrong.

There do seem to always be two parts on the PCB for each switch though. What's that about? One for charging and one to ground?
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Moralless on Sat, 21 February 2015, 15:09:25
Thanks for that. I think I get it now. My mistake was thinking that the two plates were on the PCB itself.
http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg
http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hisao/image/topre_041.jpg

I found this helped a lot: http://www.edn.com/design/consumer/4368384/Designing-reliable-capacitive-touch-interfaces

Basically, the switch works the same as a touchscreen button, with the spring taking place of the finger. Set the capacitance such that resting contact doesn't trigger a discharge, but further compression (bringing the plates closer) will, at some defined point. That's my understanding. Let me know if I've got any of this wrong.

There do seem to always be two parts on the PCB for each switch though. What's that about? One for charging and one to ground?

Yep smartphone screens work the same as topre switches nd your understanding on how topre switches works is enough in regards to this discussion. I don't know what you mean "two parts on the PCB" do you mean like where the 2 pins of cherry mx switches go through? Or the 2 white cirlces in the centre from the image (http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hisao/image/topre_041.jpg) you linked? I'm not entirely sure what components are used on topre PCBs but if I had to guess those would be the capacitors.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: sypl on Sat, 21 February 2015, 15:18:38
Let's use this image: http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg

Each switch on the PCB has the inner circle and then an outer circle surrounding, but not touching it. My guess is that the outer creates the charge and the inner pad detects capacitance. But really just a guess.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: Moralless on Sat, 21 February 2015, 15:21:18
Let's use this image: http://deskthority.net/w/images/3/30/Topre_Short_Throw_-_PCB.jpg

Each switch on the PCB has the inner circle and then an outer circle surrounding, but not touching it. My guess is that the outer creates the charge and the inner pad detects capacitance. But really just a guess.

Oh those lines. Without access to a schematic of a topre PCB I have no way to tell you what they do.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: RoflCopter4 on Sat, 21 February 2015, 16:51:52
This thread makes me weep for the education system in the modern world. If only there were a modicum of linguistics education during k-12 threads like this wouldn't exist. This is an argument about the prescriptive definition of "mechanical" and as long as people are going to push one definition or another as "correct" then this isn't going anywhere. Language isn't logical. If someone's understanding of the word "mechanical" includes topre switches then so be it; another person's might not. This doesn't change the nature of topre switches at all. In fact, in this case "mechanical keyboard" is a term that has come to have its own definition separate of it's constituent parts that usually means "high quality keyboard", but even then it just doesn't make any difference whether you want to include topre among that set.
Title: Re: Are Topre boards really mechanical keyboards?
Post by: ideus on Sat, 21 February 2015, 17:12:47
This thread makes me weep for the education system in the modern world. If only there were a modicum of linguistics education during k-12 threads like this wouldn't exist. This is an argument about the prescriptive definition of "mechanical" and as long as people are going to push one definition or another as "correct" then this isn't going anywhere. Language isn't logical. If someone's understanding of the word "mechanical" includes topre switches then so be it; another person's might not. This doesn't change the nature of topre switches at all. In fact, in this case "mechanical keyboard" is a term that has come to have its own definition separate of it's constituent parts that usually means "high quality keyboard", but even then it just doesn't make any difference whether you want to include topre among that set.


+1, The more is written, it gets more annoying. They keep discussing the same issue again, and again, and ...