These are special data entry keyboards, as the name implies. The layout was designed specifically for high volume, high CPS data entry for things like transcription, order entry, etcetera. The objective being to maximize the CPS of the keyboard by altering the layout. Which is why it's so weird. There's probably a bunch of RPQ'd layouts for differing systems, since these are almost exclusively found with TwinAx setups using S/370, S/390 and AS/400 so generally CRM, order entry, etc, on homegrown (in-house developed) systems.
Did it work? Hell if I know. But that was the logic behind the design. In theory, someone doing the data entry should be able to do so without ever moving their hands from the home row. In practice I really don't know.