Type C broke several prior USB standards.
There are two parts that can trip you up, one of which is a lack of standards and the other is new standards that broke the old ones, USB is a mess, and Type C made things far, far worse and I'm not talking about the whole what thunderbolt standards are supported, that's a whole separate complaint, easily as long as this.
The thing to remember is that type C is a connector, not a standard, as such not all cables are equal. Some Type-C cables not only do not reverse, several have power wires on both sides, but data only one one. Some aren't even USB 3.0 inside, the Type-C extension cable I used to make the pigtail on my keyboard had 4 wires inside (USB 2.0). Not all are wired the same way either, some will wire the shield into ground, some have a dedicated shield, some have no shield at all. If you take a cable with a proper shield and connect to one that is not, it can cause connection to fail as some use the shield as a second ground. When messing with USB cables, I always tie black and shield together on them to avoid this issue. Not great for the signal, but it eliminates the problem when both need to be connected. If you have an aluminum keyboard, I also like to connect ground to the chassis. It seems to help with reducing static.
Type-C broke USB's simple rules.
Anything plugging into a type A port is fine, but the moment you connect anything to a Type C port all hell breaks loose, you may be using a Type A but it can still trip you up now and certainly will if you ever plug into a Type C port. Type C requires devices to identify themselves as host or sub device and until this happens it won't work. Obviously your computer's port is a host, so why not just assume so, because when charging through the port it's a sub device. I'm still not convinced that this was needed but they did it anyway and so it makes Type C even more complicated than it already was. Luckily it's an easy fix, just a resistor across two pins, but if you aren't aware of it, it can be a surprise. Now I know I said I don't think this is your problem (and I still don't since you're connecting to a Type A port, but it will be an issue later) but then I re-read and notices you used a Type-C USB port, not a cable. Some of these have the resistor in them for this purpose, but for some reason they're mounted as a host. The video below goes into detail about this whole thing.
One thing to note on this video, he removes the built in resistor that designated it as a host and then installs a different one, watch closely when he removes the pre-installed one there's a set of pads right next to it. If you were making a universal connector that needed to be flipped in this way, wouldn't you make the necessary pads right next to it? I and a bunch of others all noted the same thing, all he (probably) had to do was move the resistor over.
Anyhow, I hope all this helps.
