I am using a PS/2 to USB-A adapter.
Sounds like the problem is the adaptor. Have you tried another adaptor?
<turning on the info-tap>
There are two types of PS/2 to USB adaptors. Passive and active.
The passive ones are for keyboards that talk
both PS/2 and USB ("combo") and is able to auto-detect which it is connected to. Those are typically quite small, and in green (for mouse) or purple plastic (for keyboard) and contain only wiring inside but no actual electronics.
If you are trying to use one of those, it won't work with the Dell AT101W. You'd need an active adaptor. Those are also known as "protocol converters".
The active ones often have a cable, with a little box, and two PS/2 ports: one for mouse and one for keyboard. Beware of dubious sellers on eBay though, trying to sell passive adaptors as "converters".
There have also been some active adaptors that have not worked with keyboards with larger power draw, such as older Model M. But the Dell AT101W is fairly common and I've not heard that there would be such problems with it.
People have built their own converters with a Pro Micro,
TMK firmware and sometimes placed them inside their keyboards.