What device is it? You can only connect a KB to a device that can act as a USB host (USB on-the-go), and all the ones I know of that do that, use a microUSB port.
So if your device supports USB on-the-go, then it should work, but if (as I suspect) it can only act as a USB device through that TRRS jack, then you can't use it, though you might be able to get bluetooth working.