anodyzation is a thicker layer of Al2O3 (alumina: A very hard ceramic) that occurs naturally on aluminium that is exposed to oxygen. It protects it quite well. Most anodyzation processes add a dye to it as well to give it a colour.
The only way to get it off is to remove the alumina layer, usually by media blasting or with acid. If you have a local machine shop that can do anodyzation they can probably remove the old one as well.