An old fart told me once, never talk about religion or politics at work...it's good advice.
This is absolutely true. Politics and religion should be taboo subjects in any profession setting.
On a personal level, there are 2 ways that these things play out:
Some concepts are manifestations of opinions, which can be diametrically opposed, and no amount of fact or research is likely to have any effect. Abortion rights and gun rights being 2 of the most egregious examples here. Or how about the validity of religion and/or the separation of Church and State? Your chances of changing someone's opinions on emotional issues like these are probably nil.
Other opinions should be fact-based, and facts should always be validated. Due to various conditions in the media today, vast quantities of "bad information" are being pumped into the public discourse, without fact-checking (possibly due to carelessness or laziness) or (more likely) with deliberate intent to deceive.
My wife, a magazine editor who has been in the industry for decades, feels morally compelled to submit every word to rigorous and thorough fact-checking before it goes out, usually multiple times by multiple people.
So for me, when I am confronted by something like watching the Fox TV station, I am appalled at the breathtaking audacity of lies and misinformation that they present - with straight faces. And I am even more appalled when I talk to someone like my father-in-law (an old man suffering from dementia, but others have less excuse) who watches that crap and actually believes it to be factual.
It is impossible to converse with people who have no regard for truth, and who sometimes actively avoid it when they know, somewhere in the backs of their minds, that it will invalidate their opinions.
Need to build a wall on the Mexican border? Net Mexico-to-US immigration has been near zero for half a decade.
Was Ronald Reagan a fiscal conservative? He raised taxes a dozen times and tripled the national debt.
Never make your decisions without verifying the facts from a neutral, 3rd-party source. Just like science.