Well, you could use haptic feedback and even have sound generated from the computer on keypress.
I spent some time a few years back learning about all the different approaches to multi-touch technology (there are many). One of the biggest hurtles to me with making multi-touch truly useful for home/office PC use is text entry. Replacing the mouse is so simple and intuitive but not so easy to replace a keyboard. It was just recently I started getting interested in learning more about keyboards and naturally I've been thinking about the touchscreen-keyboard capabilities.
Some neat features it could add is, like I stated, haptic feedback that could be fully customization to provide the tactile feedback (like your phone but with more customization). Sound could be generated from the computer speakers or an internal speaker could be put into the keyboard, again full customization so you could use whatever sound you want or even assign different sounds to different keys. Also, layout changes couldn't be any easier with a simple file selection on your machine (no more ANSI/ISO whining), maybe you could even make it possible to drag/drop keys around on the keyboard. You could change the key colors/images to whatever you wanted. Also, when you press modifiers/enter the 2nd layer/whatever you could dynamically change what is displayed on the keys which I think would be pretty nice.
In my opinion the biggest problem is allowing someone to rest there wrists/palms on the keyboard without causing issues. Without this it causing ergonomic issues. This is a problem that you don't get with cellphones since they are finger devices. This isn't some new revelation though, people know this limitation and have been working on it. One of the common approaches is on the software side you configure what is registered/distinguished as an input and what isn't. This can be controlled by the size (ie. your palm is much larger then your fingers), shape (a wrist compared to a circular/oval finger press), and even pressure sensitivity.
I will say the technology in that article wouldn't be my first choice. They are talking about FTIR (Frustrated Total Internal Reflection) which is nice technology but requiring a camera I don't think makes sense for a keyboard. I think there are simpler more straightforward approaches. Also, glass wouldn't necessarily be the smartest choice by any stretch of the imagination. I'm thinking more along the lines of flexible OLED technology.
When I use to mess around with this stuff I found the site nuigroup.com very helpful. If you are interested in multitouch at all I highly suggest you go read around on NUIGROUP. Download the software, setup a simple setup, and test stuff out. It's very cool (and free last I checked).