So I'll keep this to keyboards I've either owned/own or typed on for meaningful periods of time.
Apple 658-4081. Discreet keyswitches I do not recognize. Has a very unusual flattened keycap, but is seemingly full-travel. Soft touch to the keys and ever so slightly tactile. Very compact layout which omits the cursor control block and function keys, but retains the numpad. Oddly placed, locking Caps Lock key, Control key where Linux users expect it. ADB pass-through.
Apple Extended Keyboard. Frankly, I used it in the latter years of grammar school and not since. I remember it being decent, however.
BOSCOM (Unicomp Mfr.) 122-key host-attached terminal emulator keyboard. Nice black color with grey keys. Classic IBM buckling spring technology. Not quite as good as an IBM-produced keyboard, but still very good. Eventually developed sticky keys (physically, not electrically). Good layout, but some keys difficult to utilize in Windows environment.
Burroughs TP-110. Great looking small keyboard, no cursor control block or numpad (if you like that sort of thing), but somewhat stiff keys with no click.
ComputerLab International KPV5B05. Another 122-key Host-attached etc. keyboard, Windows key mapping different to the BOSCOM for some reason, and not as nice (for instance, escape is over in the numpad, not the left-most block. Nice all-black scheme with multicolored legends, but only a rubber dome mechanism. About as tactile as such a thing can get, but still not good.
Data General G6488M-N. Mysterious PS/2 but not PS/2 keyboard. Scandinavian layout, what seems to be a buckling spring switch with a very, very light click. Toggle keys have their pilot lights in the keycaps, not on the upper right corner.
DEC (Digital Equipment Corp.) VT-100 keyboard. Uses what I understand to be called a "Stackpole" switch (do they blow up?

). Nice smooth spherical keycaps, minimalist layout, mediocre action.
DEC LK-201 (VT-220 keyboard). Good layout, terrible feel.
Dell AT101W. Very nice keyboard. Alps green switches, IIRC, slightly clicky, soft press energy, only downside in my mind is the presence of winkeys. Nice black color, they also came in beige.
Gateway Anykey. Nice layout, fully programmable. Tends to turn funny colors and switches are nothing to write home about.
Honeywell/Bull 60164180-001. Interesting layout with extra keys, but the action is disappointing. Somewhat tactile but very mushy. Has a 5-pin DIN plug but does not use standard protocol, may be an XT-compatible or may be some moon interface.
IBM Japan 6112884. Very nice keyboard, has spherical keycaps in classic IBM colors, uses green Alps switches. Makes a lot of noise, including a volume-adjustable beeper (which can be adjusted low enough to be off). Has a lot of re-legendable keycaps, but layout is very non-standard, with numpad right next to main block and no cursor control block, although with a Hasu's converter you can make it up however you want. Activation force is very light, coming from a model M I find myself inadvertently activating keys with some frequency. A lot of the standard keys are in strange places, backspace is very small and far away. Has no top row. Extremely sturdy construction.
IBM Displaywriter keyboard. Uses the legendary beamspring switch technology, very much a typist's keyboard. Spherical keycaps. Absolutely huge, bigger than a 122-key keyboard and too tall to fit in a keyboard drawer.
IBM Model F. Very nice keyboard, probably what most people remember as the classic IBM clicky keyboard. I have several in different layouts. They make a very nice sound when typed on.
IBM Model M. Only slightly worse than an F, many people won't notice the difference. A little quieter, a little stiffer. Common and good and available in so many layouts. Does not support many simultaneous keypresses! Keys interchange between models M and F and allow for extensive customization, especially from and onto terminal boards.
IBM Model M5-II. A Model M with a trackball on the top right corner. Great keyboard to plug into a KVM or use from your lap. Rare and costly to lay hands on, like most unusual M variants. You can build a fine collection of nothing but model Ms.
KeySourceInternational unknown POS (Point of sale you charlatan) keyboard. Unusual layout, severe Cherry Black keyswitches with action similar to the Burroughs.
Zenith Data Systems ZKB-2R. Doesn't seem like a standout but has unusual features, starting with simply being from a company which didn't make many personal computers. It has a switch to select AT or XT compatibility modes, a toggle-able beeper, and pilots for toggle keys on the keycaps like the Data General. Uses Alps green switches with different stems to the IBM but a similar, light feel. Good, sturdy keyboards that long outlasted the mediocre computers they came with.
This isn't complete, I have and have used more (especially the terrible rubber dome keyboards that are as a plague upon the Earth), including a Hewlett/Packard with very unusual slanted keycaps (and a pedestrian rubber dome mechanism) and a spillproof rubber membrane keyboard mainly useful for threatening to replace people's keyboards with if they break another keyboard -think a full-size Timex Sinclair...