TMK USB to USB keyboard converter

[hasu]

With this converter you can change keymap and use functions TMK firmware offers on your USB keyboard.

You can support this project by getting TMK USB-USB converter from me.



Troubleshoot
You have trouble or question? Post infos like below when you can ask in this thread.


Debug output
Use hid_listen command to see its debug outputs. Post its outputs.
Try debug firmware for detailed debug log, instead of default firmware.

Keyboard model name
URL of the product page would be helpful to check its specifications and manuals

OS name
Windows/Mac/Linux

USB Descriptor
If your problem is specific to your keyboard,
use TMK USB Descriptor Dumper to get keyboard's USB Descriptor data.
Flash Dumper firmware onto your converter and then plug keyboard. Use hid_listen to get Descritpor data. Post all of outputs on hid_listen.

Also try these.
Cable and Hub
Use short and good-quality USB cable,  or plug the converter into computer directly or externally powered USB Hub.
With longer cable USB power voltage drops more at the converter and keyboard, this can cause problem especially when plug-in the devices or computer is powered up.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=69169.msg3100547#msg3100547


Hardware
You need USB host controller chip MAX3421e and AVR chip ATMega32U4.

1. TMK USB to USB converter
This small board is almost equivalent to USB Host Shield plus Leonardo. This is an assmebled converter and no soldering job is needed.
You can order here to support my project.

More

PCB design files are available.
https://github.com/tmk/USB2USB_Converter

Case design file is available here. Thank you, Gouty@github! 2018-10-27
https://github.com/tmk/USB2USB_Converter/tree/master/3D%20Printed%20Case



2. USB Host Shield 2.0 + Arduino Leonardo
Just plug USB Host Shield onto Arduino Leonardo, they are not small as TMK converter but work well with default firmware.

More

a. USB Host Shield:
https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/products/arduino-usb-host-shield
https://www.circuitsathome.com/products-page/arduino-shields/usb-host-shield-2-0-for-arduino-assembled/
http://shop.tkjelectronics.dk/product_info.php?products_id=43
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/9947
https://docs.arduino.cc/retired/shields/arduino-usb-host-shield/

Clones(or fake) may have compatiblity issues with the library and TMK. Not recommended.
- 74HC125 vs 74AHC125 https://www.printed-droid.com/kb/usb-host-shield-repair/
- People have had problems with clones. https://github.com/felis/USB_Host_Shield_2.0/issues/76#issuecomment-159269359
- Fake doesn't work at all. https://github.com/felis/USB_Host_Shield_2.0/issues/744#issuecomment-1284358537

b. Arduino Leonardo:
https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/leonardo

3. Mini USB Host Shield 2.0 + Pro Micro
Not supported by me but this should work too. Firmware may require small fix.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=80421.0

TMK Keymap Editor

You can edit key mapping and get your custom firmware easily on TMK Keymap Editor.






Flash

Press tiny button on TMK converter to turn it into program mode.

You can flash firmware in web browser using 'Flash on Web' feature of Keymap Editor now.(2025-04)

See this for more details.
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki#flash-firmware




Firmware
This converter is part of TMK keyboard firmware project. Source code for the converter firmware is available here.

https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/tree/master/converter/usb_usb


Build
You can compile firmware from source code. See this documentation for the detail.

https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki#build-firmware

You don't have to build firmware yourself. You can use easy TMK keymap editor instead.




Limitation

• Only supports 'HID Boot protocol'(6KRO) mode. Many of NKRO keyboards still can work in 6KRO mode. (Confirmed NKRO keyboards: see 'Compatible Keyboards' list.)
• Media/System control keys on keyboard are not recognized by the converter. Note that you can still send them with TMK firmware by remapping keys.
• 'Fn' key on keyboard is not recognized. In most case keyboards don't spit out scancode for 'Fn' key. You cannot remap the 'Fn' key itself.
• Firmware size. USB to USB converter uses alot of flash space to support USB keyboard. Some combination of TMK features can not fit into MCU flash size(28KB). To reduce firmware size you have to disable some of features you don't use, see 'Firmware' section above.
• No mouse or other pointing devices support. To support all pointing devices is difficult but it is possible to support one specific device if you are willing to write code for that. https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=69169.msg2193024#msg2193024

Incompatible Keyboards
The converter doesn't work with:

• Varmilo VA87MR
• Sprit's PCB (Auto PS/2-USB mode selection doesn't work)
• GON's NerD
• Kinesis Advantage2 works with the latest fimrware, See this
• FC660C (it works now!)
• Realforce RGB (work around) Fixed now 2018-07-08
• GMK Cardreader Keyboard?(0744:0030)
• Tean Wolf
• Ace Pad
• X-Keys Foot Pedal XF-10-US
• G80-3000 with 2KRO(due to Cherry firmware bug) Patched for the bug. 2018-08-01
• Xiaomi Yuemi MK02S (Descriptor)
• Apple Magic keyboard(model A1644)Workaround Fixed 2023-01-25
• Koolertron/Smartyao SMKD72
• IOGEAR GKB635W Wireless Smart TV Keyboard(Report protocol only. The converter won't support this.)
• PLANCK EZ
• CHERRY MX BOARD 1.0
• iKKEGOL USB Double 2 Foot Switch
• Logitech G810 Orion Spectrum
• MK Fission(04b4:0823 Cypress)(Fixed. 2020-12)
• NuType F1 STALL error(Fixed. 2020-12)
• Rosewill RK-9200BR TOGGLE error(Fixed. 2020-12)
• Razer Huntsman Mini  (Fixed. 2020-12)
• Logitech G213 STALL error(Fixed? 2020-12)
• Unknown Gaming keyboard(04b4:3000 Cypress) TOGGLE error(Fixed. 2020-12)
• Ducky One 2 Mini [DKON2061ST 1.0.8/1.0.9] (2021-06-25) Probably fixed by Ducky. Try with Ducky firmware 1.0.10 or later and report your result.(2022-10) Not fixed(2022-12) Fixed(2023-02)
• Dygma Raise Keyboard This doesn't support 'Boot keybaord protocol'. (The converter won't support unless its fimrware is changed.) (2021-07-12)
• Corsair K65 RGB Mini (2021-09-07)
• Corsair K70 RGB MK.2 Low Profile (Workaround 2021-10-07)
• Anne Pro 2 - Fixed 2022-05-05
• Rapoo 9300M Fixed multiple boot intefaces issue 2023-07
• keymouse.com does not support boot protocol. 2024-02
• Chilkey ND75(2.4GHz wireless dongle) 2024-10

Some of incompatible keyboards listed here may work with the latest firmware probably, please try and report if you have any.
As of 2020-12 the converter firmware received a few bug fixes on its USB stack which improved its keyboard compatibility greatly.
 
Use this firmware to get detailed debug outputs on hid_listen if your keyboard doesn't work. And post its outputs here.



Compatible Keyboards
If your keyobard works well with BIOS/EFI you can expect the converter handle it reasonably. But it is still not 100% assured, the covnerter can fail to handle the keyobard with some reasons unfortunately while the converter firmiware has been gradually updated to improve compatiblility.

• Realforce (86U, 87U, 91U)
• Realforce R2(R2TLSA-US4, R2TL-US3-IV)
• Realforce RGB followup 2021-07-24
• HHKB Professional(PD-KB300)
• HHKB Professional JP(PD-KB420)
• HHKB Professional 2(PD-KB400) working on USB Hub issue Fixed 2020-11
• HHKB Professional Classic(PD-KB401)
• HHKB Professional HYBRID(PD-KB800)  Had a problem with 2022-05 firmware. Fixed.(2022-10) Confirmed(2023-03)
• LEOPOLD FC660C
• LEOPOLD FC980C
• LEOPOLD FC750R
• Varmilo MA109C
• Lenovo SK-8855(ThinkPad keyboard. TrackPoint is not supported.)
• KBP V60-MTSQ
• Cherry G80-3600
• Filco Majestouch2(Tenkeyless 87-key)
• Ducky One TKL
• Microsoft Sidewinder X4
• Novatouch TKL
• TMK Alps64
• Input Club/Massdrop Infinity 60%
• LinDon Tech 68 key
• Apple aluminium keyboard(A1243)(Fixed rollover error handling 2019-05)
• G80-3000
• HyperX FPS Pro keyboard
• Mionix Wei
• ikbc KD87
• Logitech Unifying Receiver K230 K330, K360, MX Keys, ERGO K860
• DXT28 Bluetooth HID Proxy dongle
• Matias Ergo Pro
• Fujitsu FMV-KB232
• Niz Atom66
• Kinesis Advantage(KB500USB)
• Kinesis Advantage2(KB600)
• ASUS Strix Tactic Pro (Note that its JIS version keyboard seems to have a glitch.)
• DSI Left Handed Keyboard
• Vortex Core
• Vortex Tab 90M
• GMK Uniqey C70
• Logitech K120
• Matias Quiet Pro for Mac
• GK64
• GH60
• Kbpardise v60
• Vortex pok3r
• Filco Majestouch 2 104
• NuType F1(Fixed STALL error. 2020-12)
• Rosewill RK-9200BR(Fixed Toggle error. 2020-12)
• MK Fission(04b4:0823 Cypress)(Fixed 2020-12)
• Unknown Gaming keyboard(04b4:3000 Cypress) (Fixed TOGGLE error. 2020-12)
• Ducky One 2 Skyline TKL
• Logitech G413 Probably. 2023-12 Confirmed.
• Logitech G213 Probably. Fixed STALL error(2020-12)
• Apple A1048
• Keychron K8
• UNICOMP Model M
• compact GMMK
• Logitech G915 with the lightspeed receiver
• EpoMaker EP-84
• Truly Ergonomic
• IQUNIX F96
• Arkoncore AR87
• Apple Keyboard A1243
• Keychron k3 v2
• Unicomp Mini M
• Razer Huntsman Mini (Fixed. Confirmed by  ByteCrash  in Private Mesage. 2020-12)
• Redragon Anivia K614 RGB
• Zopsc-1/Bajeal
• Stoga MK22
• Vimukun/Magic-Refiner MK21
• HyperX Alloy Origins 60
• Redragon Dragonborn K630 RGB
• Womier K61
• GMMK TKL
• Hexgears Impulse, Hexgears Nova
• Tezarre TK61, Punkston TH61
• Anne Pro2 - Fixed 2022-05-05
• Logitech MX Keys Mini with LOGI BOLT USB RECEIVER
• Delux GM903
• LTC NB681
• Delux GM902 (2022-09)
• Wooting two he (2022-09)
• Apple Magic keyboard(A1644/A1843) Supported 2023-01-25
• Ducky One 2 Mini(DKON2061ST / DKME2061ST) 2023-02-01
• COOLER MASTER CK352 2023-02-15
• A4Tech KV-300H
• Rapoo 9300M Fixed issue 2023-07
• Insignia Wireless Ergonomic
• Poker X 2023-12
• Chilkey ND75(USB) 2024-10
• Logi Bolt with Logitech Wave Keys 2025-03

Report from users would be really appreciated. Please post your result in this thread.


Issues
ConnectPro KVM switch
The converter doesn't work on its DDM port of ConnectPro KVM switch. Workaround is disabling debug console. (2021-10-05)
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=69169.msg3085929#msg3085929
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/707
Fixed(2021-10-24)

UGREEN's usb 2.0 KVM switch
The covnerter doesn't work on Macbook pro after long sleep when connected through the KVM.
No workaround as of 2021-09.
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/703


Update
2025-04 Add 'Flash on Web' feature in Keymap Editor
2024-03 Fix for Unicomp Mini M #773
2023-12 Fix startup for Poker X
2023-12 Add suspend and remote wakeup support(power saving)
2023-02 Ducky One 2 Mini support
2023-01 Apple Magic keyboard(A1644/A1843) support
2022-10 Update description for Ducky One 2 Mini
2022-10 Fix for HHKB Hybrid
2022/05 Fix for Anne Pro2
2021/10 Update firmware
    - Fix for ConnectPro UD-12+ KVM #707
    - UHS2: 500ms delay for bus reset for Matrix Vita
    - UHS2: Improve plugin detection in busprobe()
2020/12 Fix STALL error
2020/11  Fix TAP_KEY
2020/11  Add Mechanical Locking Key support
2020/11  Fix TOGGLE error and HUBPRE bit.
2019/05  Fix startup stuck problem
2019/05  Fix Rollover error handling
2018/11  Update firmware(Use fixed LUFA stack and update USB_Host_Shield_2.0)
2018/11  Add Filco Majestouch2 87 and ikbc KD87 to compatibility list
2018/07  Update  firmware to fix startup issue. see this commit.
2018/10  Add design file for enclosure
2018/02  Update "Reported keyboards" section
2017/05  Fix startup code for FC660C
2016/09  New keymap editor(unimap) is available
2016/01  Add Keymap editor
2015/12  Add Firmware size to limitations, and recommendation for genuine host shield
2015/11  Add keymap for JIS and ISO
2015/07  Bug fix for keyboard sending ErrorRollOver report
2015/07  Add Locking key indicator support
2015/06  Updated Limitation and TODO
2015/02  TMK USB to USB converter Rev.A
2014/12  Added Hub support(confirmed with HHKB pro2)

[TheSoulhunter]

Nice! Interested in getting one...

[SpAmRaY]

Hasu, any chance you would build some of these to sell?

[metalliqaz]

This is really great. I wanted to build one of these a while ago but I just couldn't find the time to follow through.  Looks fantastic!

[hasu]

I have spare PCBs and have a plan to get some of them assembled once I confirm it works well in the field after some daily usage.

Today, I found a bug

[nubbinator]

That's really cool.  How do you change the keymapping with it?

[hasu]

I can't live without mousekey and layer switching with space bar

https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/blob/master/converter/usb_usb/keymap_hasu.c

[hasu]

I'm having power or/and initializing related problem during plugin and bootup time
This problem occurs on both my converter and leonardo and Host shield(old Sparnkfun one),  at this point not sure it is firmware problem or hardware one.

Once the problem is sorted out I'd run small distribution(GB) from my spare PCBs.

[spiceBar]

I'm having power or/and initializing related problem during plugin and bootup time
This problem occurs on both my converter and leonardo and Host shield(old Sparnkfun one),  at this point not sure it is firmware problem or hardware one.

Once the problem is sorted out I'd run small distribution(GB) from my spare PCBs.

Wow! I had missed this thread!

I have purchased the Arduino and USB Host shield some time ago, compiled and uploaded TMK, and it worked. Then the plan was to implement SpaceFN and GuiFN on it, but I have not done it yet due to lack of time.

How is this project going?

I'm very interested in purchasing a few assembled controllers from you, if you have enough of them available.

[hasu]

Not sort the problem yet I've worked on other projects like alps64 and HHKB Alt Controller.

Probably it is not hardware but initialization in firmware problem. I'll look into soon.

Unfortunately this converter requires two chips and it costs much and assembly process takes long. But it works it is important!

Kudus to Circuit@Home!

[njbair]

This is really cool. Would this pass enough current to power a model m or similar along with a PS/2 adapter? I would love TMK features in a model m.

[hasu]

Unicomp USB keyboard?
How you can draw current is depends on your USB host capability. I think you can use Unicomp USB Model M as far as your PC or Hub can supply power enough.

BTW, What do you need TMK features actually?

[spiceBar]

Not sort the problem yet I've worked on other projects like alps64 and HHKB Alt Controller.

Probably it is not hardware but initialization in firmware problem. I'll look into soon.

Unfortunately this converter requires two chips and it costs much and assembly process takes long. But it works it is important!

Kudus to Circuit@Home!

I'm not sure how much it costs, but for me price is not an issue. After spending so much on mechanical keyboards, fine-tuning them thanks to your wonderful adapters is a really great addition.

Will we be able to purchase completely assembled converters from you?

I think it would be interesting to be able to purchase some without the USB plugs. I think the converters are thin enough to install them inside most keyboards, provided we solder the "in" and "out" wires directly to the small PCB. If it's not possible, I hope it's not too difficult to desolder the USB plugs.

[njbair]

Unicomp USB keyboard?
How you can draw current is depends on your USB host capability. I think you can use Unicomp USB Model M as far as your PC or Hub can supply power enough.

BTW, What do you need TMK features actually?

I've got a PS/2 Model M and I use an adapter like this. But I think PS/2 boards draw a lot of current. Just wondering if your device would supply enough current for PS/2.

[hasu]

Finally sorted out the bootup problem, yay!
It was a intilization problem of firmware, not hardware. It is lucky that I can still use existent PCB and components.

I'll start making a few boards soon and create GB or artisan service thread for this converter.

I'm having power or/and initializing related problem during plugin and bootup time
This problem occurs on both my converter and leonardo and Host shield(old Sparnkfun one),  at this point not sure it is firmware problem or hardware one.

Once the problem is sorted out I'd run small distribution(GB) from my spare PCBs.

[gosinger]

Wow...great project, this thread made me register here...

looking forward to future development, keep up the great work! I'll get myself an Leonardo and will give this a go

[Leimi]

Finally sorted out the bootup problem, yay!
It was a intilization problem of firmware, not hardware. It is lucky that I can still use existent PCB and components.

I'll start making a few boards soon and create GB or artisan service thread for this converter.

I'm having power or/and initializing related problem during plugin and bootup time
This problem occurs on both my converter and leonardo and Host shield(old Sparnkfun one),  at this point not sure it is firmware problem or hardware one.

Once the problem is sorted out I'd run small distribution(GB) from my spare PCBs.

Great job, looking forward to it

[Thumper_]

Will you be able to change the keypad so it transmit properly keypad numcodes?

[njbair]

Will you be able to change the keypad so it transmit properly keypad numcodes?

If the keypad is currently sending out exactly the same scancodes as the number row, this adapter will have no way to tell them apart.

[Thumper_]

Will you be able to change the keypad so it transmit properly keypad numcodes?

If the keypad is currently sending out exactly the same scancodes as the number row, this adapter will have no way to tell them apart.

And on a standalone keypad?

[njbair]

Will you be able to change the keypad so it transmit properly keypad numcodes?

If the keypad is currently sending out exactly the same scancodes as the number row, this adapter will have no way to tell them apart.

And on a standalone keypad?

I have not used this but I believe in that case it would work.

[hasu]

I started an artisan service thread for my TMK keyboard converters. And I'll assmeble some USB to USB converters soon and taking order tentatively now, check this post if someone is interested in taking my converter.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=72052.msg1759680#msg1759680

I have to decide the price later due to final cost calc, but you can cancel it if you don't like the final price.
The price will be around 40-50USD, probably.

[hasu]

Updated Limitation and TODO in first post.

In short:
NKRO keyboards doesn't work with the converter at this time but they will be supported in 6KRO mode with future update. Also Lock indicators support will be added by firmware upgrade.

NKRO mode and System and Media Control keys are not supported. And 'Fn' or 'Pn' key on keyboard like Poker cannot be handled by the converter.



BTW, some assembled TMK USB to USB converters are available now here.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=72052.0

[berserkfan]

Updated Limitation and TODO in first post.

In short:
NKRO keyboards doesn't work with the converter at this time but they will be supported in 6KRO mode with future update. Also Lock indicators support will be added by firmware upgrade.

NKRO mode and System and Media Control keys are not supported. And 'Fn' or 'Pn' key on keyboard like Poker cannot be handled by the converter.



BTW, some assembled TMK USB to USB converters are available now here.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=72052.0

As a custom layouts guy I am eagerly watching and waiting for the day when your USB to USB converter will have LED support.

[hasu]

Small update: Added locking key indicator(LED) support and fixed for Rollover error of 2KRO keyboard.

2015/07  Bug fix for keyboard sending ErrorRollOver report
2015/07  Add Locking key indicator support

https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/commit/6f5e8ce17e89005130cd0f9ecc6e346a77bb624b
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/commit/1efdd867c8f88ad779ad82e1b22df62bf6be8fe9

[argcargv]

Testing with Kinesis Advantage, spacefn is working!!!

[hasu]

Great!

BTW, I did this just for fun and it worked with daisy chain of two, at least

[njbair]

Great!

BTW, I did this just for fun and it worked with daisy chain of two, at least

Show Image

Seeing this pic just made me realize how awesome this project is. Imagine being able to throw this thing into your backpack, and everywhere you go you've got your preferred keyboard layout and function layers, no matter what keyboard you're forced to use. Amazing.

[ctm]

Wow! This is so amazing! So is this like a keycode translator? Does it also work on keys than don't send keycode (like fn)?

[njbair]

Wow! This is so amazing! So is this like a keycode translator? Does it also work on keys than don't send keycode (like fn)?

From the OP:

'Fn' key on keyboard is not recognized also. In most case keyboards don't spit out keycode for the key. Note that you can still define 'Fn' key with TMK firmware.

So unfortunately no. But if your board can be programmed so that the Fn key sends a keycode, just do that.

[hasu]

Wow! This is so amazing! So is this like a keycode translator? Does it also work on keys than don't send keycode (like fn)?

From the OP:

'Fn' key on keyboard is not recognized also. In most case keyboards don't spit out keycode for the key. Note that you can still define 'Fn' key with TMK firmware.

So unfortunately no. But if your board can be programmed so that the Fn key sends a keycode, just do that.

Right. 'Fn' key itself cannot be remmaped while combination of 'Fn' and some keys(for example, Fn+x, Fn+w,...) are probably remappable.

[kirkvomit]

Hi, does anyone has tested usb to usb converter for a long time?
Mine is made from Leonardo board.
And I have a problem that converter stops registering any inputs after few days.
Restart of the board doesn't help. Plug unplug some times helps for a 5 minutes and then controller stops registering inputs again.
Tried on different PCs, result is the same, it works flawlesly for few days and then starts glitching.

Have somebody faced this problem too?

[hasu]

And I have a problem that converter stops registering any inputs after few days.
Restart of the board doesn't help. Plug unplug some times helps for a 5 minutes and then controller stops registering inputs again.

Interesting.
I've not experienced that situation so far, but I pluged converter a day at most. hmm, I can't come up any clue from that description. More informations would be useful to speculate the problem.

What is your converter hardware actually? Circuit@Home shield or other? Leonardo is genuine one or clone?

What is your host? Desktop, notebook? OS?

what is your keyboards?

Can you post logs when it happened?

Your firmware is the latest? And post files if you changed something.

And you can use hid_listen to see how converter stops.

[kirkvomit]

Leonardo is clone from ebay.
Shield is like this one http://www.ebay.com/itm/USB-Host-Shield-Support-Android-ADK-UNO-MEGA-Duemilanove-2560-For-Arduino-/201354197970?hash=item2ee1a53bd2

Tried on 2 PCs and one notebook, all have Ubuntu 14.04 installed.
Keyboards are poker 2 and razer blackwidow tournament.

What logs did you mean?
Firmware is not latest, I flashed it may be in aprill 2015.
Can you explain about hid_listen?

I will try to flash it with latest firmware without any changes and will let you know if it fixed the problem or not.

[hasu]

Logs are located under /var/log/, you can find something related to USB in kern.log, IIRC.

As for hid_listen, see these. And google with word 'hid_listen' to find download link.
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard#debugging
https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki/FAQ#debug-console

Yeah, try the latest firmware and report back.

[njbair]

Do magic and bootmagic work with this converter?

[hasu]

No. This and other TMK converters probably can't check key state while their startup time.

Bootmagic is supported only with TMK keyboard controllers while Magic command works on both converters and keyboard controllers.


https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/175

[njbair]

No. This and other TMK converters probably can't check key state while their startup time.

Bootmagic is supported only with TMK keyboard controllers while Magic command works on both converters and keyboard controllers.


https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/175

I can't seem to get Magic to work. Do I need to enable it at compile time first? I couldn't find any make flags for that.

For bootmagic, your issue suggests a startup delay as a workaround. If this were a configurable option, like a make flag, that would be a really good solution because only those who explicitly enable the delay will have to wait for it.

[hasu]

No. This and other TMK converters probably can't check key state while their startup time.

Bootmagic is supported only with TMK keyboard controllers while Magic command works on both converters and keyboard controllers.


https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/175

I can't seem to get Magic to work. Do I need to enable it at compile time first? I couldn't find any make flags for that.

For bootmagic, your issue suggests a startup delay as a workaround. If this were a configurable option, like a make flag, that would be a really good solution because only those who explicitly enable the delay will have to wait for it.

To enable Magic commands this line is required in Makefile.

Code: [Select]

COMMAND_ENABLE = yes    # Commands for debug and configuration


[sandric]

How do you program this converter? I mean if you want to remap some key you unplug keyboard from female usb port and plug it strickly to usb port of computer, or it is doable with keyboard connected to it? And what is language you program - arduino C? Uploading with arduino ide? Isn't library Arduino USB Host?

[njbair]

I wrote a nice long review of this converter because I'm so in love with it right now.

Thanks for your work, hasu!

[hasu]

Nice writeup! Thanks.
I subscribed the thread.

[njbair]

I bought an off-brand Leonardo & shield (both made by SainSmart). I was able to flash the .hex file with avrdude without any errors, but it's not working as a converter at all.

What steps can I take to debug this thing?

[hasu]

They seem to be compatible to original boards but the shop doesn't offer technical details like schematic enough to make certain of. Let's say they are compatible.

http://www.sainsmart.com/sainsmart-usb-host-android-adk-shield-2-0-for-arduino-uno-mega-r3-mega2560-duemilanove-nano-robot.html
http://www.sainsmart.com/sainsmart-leonardo-r3-atmega32u4-development-board-for-arduino.html#customer-reviews

Can you see debug message with hid_listen?
Keyboard is given enough voltage?


BTW, I haven't confirm my firmware with original Circuit@Home board. I'm using Sparkfun shield(with modification) and genuine Leonardo besides my own TMK converter.
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/9947

[njbair]

They seem to be compatible to original boards but the shop doesn't offer technical details like schematic enough to make certain of. Let's say they are compatible.

http://www.sainsmart.com/sainsmart-usb-host-android-adk-shield-2-0-for-arduino-uno-mega-r3-mega2560-duemilanove-nano-robot.html
http://www.sainsmart.com/sainsmart-leonardo-r3-atmega32u4-development-board-for-arduino.html#customer-reviews

Can you see debug message with hid_listen?
Keyboard is given enough voltage?


BTW, I haven't confirm my firmware with original Circuit@Home board. I'm using Sparkfun shield(with modification) and genuine Leonardo besides my own TMK converter.
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/9947

hid_listen recognizes the SainSmart Leonardo. When I plug it in, it says

Code: [Select]

Listening:
init: done
keyboard_set_led: 05

That last line is accompanied by all three lock LEDs on my keyboard quickly flashing. After this, nothing happens. Typing on the keyboard does nothing. If I unplug the keyboard from the USB host shield and plug it back in, the lock LEDs flash again. But no message about LEDs this time in hid_listen.

hid_listen always stays connected to the first device it finds until it's unplugged or deactivated, even when you plug another device in. I have a working hasu converter as well. I wanted to test whether the Leonardo was crashing or freezing:

run hid_listen
plug in Leonardo: hid_listen initializes the Leonardo properly
plug in hasu's converter: nothing changes
leave hasu's converter plugged in and unplug Leonardo: hid_listen initializes hasu's converter properly
plug in Leonardo: nothing changes
unplug hasu's converter: hid_listen initializes Leonardo properly

This tells me the Leonardo stays connected as HID, so it's not freezing or crashing.

This must be an issue with the USB host shield. It may be a pin incompatibility with the original, or it may be that the shield itself is DOA.

Maybe I can upload a simple Arduino sketch to test that the USB host shield is working. If so, it may be that the shield is not compatible with the Sparkfun shield you used for testing, hasu.

[hasu]

It seems like communication between Leonardo and PC works well.

Does the keyboard work with TMK converter?
And did you check voltage USB host shield supplies?


Yes, 'hid_listen' is connected just to first device found. To connect it to another device you need to disconnect the first device. This is cofusing a bit when you are using some devices with custome firmware like TMK and Soarere's.

[njbair]

It seems like communication between Leonardo and PC works well.

Does the keyboard work with TMK converter?
And did you check voltage USB host shield supplies?


Yes, 'hid_listen' is connected just to first device found. To connect it to another device you need to disconnect the first device. This is cofusing a bit when you are using some devices with custome firmware like TMK and Soarere's.

I have not checked the host shield voltage yet. I'll have to wait until next week to try that though, as the converter is at the office.

[njbair]

Well, I checked the host shield voltage yesterday, only to determine after spinning my wheels for about an hour, that my multimeter is in terrible need of recalibration.

Fortunately, I was eventually able to solve the problem with the Leonardo & USB host shield. The host shield uses a few pins on the ICSP header, but my USB host shield did not include female headers on those pins (even though the product image shows it with headers). I had some spares lying around so I was able to solder on my own headers and now it works like a charm. Now I just need a nice enclosure and some time to play around with LEDs.

So I can confirm, that if you can afford the time to solder and have some spare headers, this is a slightly cheaper way to build your own converter. Just know that hasu's pre-made converter is much smaller and you're supporting his wonderful work!

SainSmart Arduino Leonardo clone: http://smile.amazon.com/dp/B00CO07PNY
SainSmart USB Host Shield: http://smile.amazon.com/dp/B006J4G000
Female 0.1" headers (if you need them): http://smile.amazon.com/dp/B007Q84C4O

[hasu]

Great.

But really terrible story with SainSmart, and you are not alone
http://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R13EEDLP8OWUA4/ref=cm_cr_pr_viewpnt?ie=UTF8&ASIN=B006J4G000#R13EEDLP8OWUA4

The host shield uses a few pins on the ICSP header, but my USB host shield did not include female headers on those pins (even though the product image shows it with headers).  I had some spares lying around so I was able to solder on my own headers and now it works like a charm.

[njbair]

Great.

But really terrible story with SainSmart, and you are not alone
http://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R13EEDLP8OWUA4/ref=cm_cr_pr_viewpnt?ie=UTF8&ASIN=B006J4G000#R13EEDLP8OWUA4

The host shield uses a few pins on the ICSP header, but my USB host shield did not include female headers on those pins (even though the product image shows it with headers).  I had some spares lying around so I was able to solder on my own headers and now it works like a charm.

I saw that. That review, along with a forum post on the Arduino website, led me to discover the problem.

The worst part is, once I knew the problem I tried searching really hard to find any kind of documentation from SainSmart that I might have missed, but there's nothing. It seems like their only documentation is the product descriptions on their store and Amazon.com. What a pity.

See, kids, this is why you should buy your converters direct from hasu!