Using your weapon to shoot dinosaurs is pretty much all there is to the outdoor part. Indoors you have to deal with security locks (it will tell you ACCESS DENIED: YOU NEED SO-AND-SO'S SECURITY CARD) and dark rooms (which are instant death without Night Vision Goggles.)
Now, the cattleprod attachment (the basic--it's electricity, not a laser) is the weakest weapon and should never be used on anything bigger than a Compy or Meganera. But, you can pick up exploding Bolos, Shotgun Shells and Rockets, all of which do heavy damage but are better against different enemies. These ammos have a cap, though, so be careful with them, because--especially indoors--you really can't afford to miss.
As for which buttons to push, I'm not sure. It's been ages since I last played the game (I had it in 1993, when I was 9). That said, you'll get your current mission at the various poles outside, which double as a save point of sorts. Sadly, it's not a true save point--if you run out of lives or end the game, you will have to start all over.
Also, Raptors can jump onto the roof of buildings from the ground below. You have been warned.
Some other advice: when you start out, head up through the gate. Going down puts you at risk of running into a pair of Raptors, who WILL kill you if you only have the base weapon. Also, save your tranqs for the T. rex. Rexy can't be killed, and she's a one-hit-kill for you. You can outrun her without tranqs, but it takes practice and a lot of luck. One deviation from a straight line and you'll end up dino food. You also can't kill Triceratops, nor can you outrun them. However, when they appear there will be a bit of an indention in the trees you can take shelter from. Finally, to beat the game, you need to collect all the eggs. Otherwise, it won't let you call back the ship.