Finding a mentor is also a good idea.
This is the best general purpose advice that I've seen in this thread. Asking is all well and good, but having someone that knows the field and knows you on your team is indispensable.
The best general purpose advice I can give you was given to me by mine.
1. Don't become complacent. If you really want to move up, it's very likely that you're going to have to move around. Familiarity breeds complacency is very true, and as you become familiar, you won't want to jeopardize your income, which is a valid concern. But you have to weigh this against you ambition. And it works the other way too... as your co-workers and the company become familiar with you, and think they have you on lock, they'll become complacent with you- with your salary, with your capabilities, and with your limitations. And there's no way around that I've found.
2. It goes along with 1, but loyalty to the company gets you nothing. The company is not a person, and no matter the people around you and how good they are and how much you like them, remember that in the end, the company employs you in the end, not them. Your manager can love you- but in the end, if his manager, or his manager's manager, or someone else you don't even know and views you as a number on a sheet decides your number is up, it's up. Watch out for yourself, and your trajectory, because in the end, you're responsible for that.
3. Which segues into the third point. These are your co-workers, not your friends. Be nice, be cooperative (how much so, is up to you), and cultivate contacts. But the good guy doesn't always win, and thinking people are you friend is a good way to open yourself up to doing things that are counter to your final goal- to advance your career. Now you can be cut throat and brown nose, but that kind of thing tends to come back on you at some point or another, so I don't recommend it. Just do your work, be competent, ask questions, and collaborate.
4. Evaluate your opportunities carefully- not just based on what it seems like. Play the long game- sometimes a lateral move (or what seems like a demotion) can be the best thing for reaching your final goal. It's not always a straight upward climb- plan your mobility in your career based on a timetable of years, not months. You can be promoted past what you're ready for, and ruin everything that you worked for, while sometimes taking a path that's more lateral can help you to learn and be ready for an even larger opportunity.
Those are just some of the things I've learned- and a lot of it is from having a mentor that I can bounce things off of, and that can help me to see things that I wouldn't otherwise.
Hope that helps!