More possibilities:
* You would have hot-swapped the keyboard in a PS/2 plug. Don't do that! It could destroy something in the keyboard or in the PC. PS/2 and AT keyboards were permanently attached. The only safe way to hotswap PS/2 is to use a USB-to-PS/2 adaptor and hot-swap
that in the USB plug.
or:
* The keyboard is a model that requires more current than the PS/2 port is willing to provide. Although this is quite rare, and often the case with really old keyboards.
or:
* The PS/2 port isn't enabled, and needs to be enabled in BIOS.
A "Soarer's converter" is a converter (or "active adaptor") between XT and PS/2 developed by the user Soarer.
https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=17458.0You could build one, and there have been ready-made ones to buy on eBay and wherever.
The keyboard with vertical columns of F-keys is the one most likely to talk the XT protocol.
I've got an Acer that looks the same that works without problems.